早产儿宫内感染的影响因素及临床特征分析  

Analysis of influencing factors and clinical characteristics of intrauterine infection in preterm infants

作　　者：徐颂周[1] 胡晓艳[1] 赵方[1] 周于新[1] 张双船[1] XU Songzhou;HU Xiaoyan;ZHAO Fang;ZHOU Yuxin;ZHANG Shuangchuan(Peking University Shenzhen Hospital,Shenzhen 518036,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学深圳医院新生儿科,广东深圳518036

出　　处：《中国中西医结合儿科学》2020年第2期180-182,共3页Chinese Pediatrics of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine

基　　金：北京大学深圳医院科研基金资助课题(JCYJ2018017)。

摘　　要：目的探讨早产儿宫内感染的影响因素,着重分析前置胎盘与胎膜早破致早产儿宫内感染临床特征。方法回顾性分析2017年1月至2019年1月我院新生儿病房合并宫内感染的262例早产儿资料,记录性别、胎龄、出生体质量、是否窒息等一般资料,记录早产相关围产因素,比较前置胎盘和胎膜早破这两个围产因素导致感染的临床特征。结果导致早产儿宫内感染因素较多,胎膜早破、前置胎盘是导致早产儿宫内感染的前二位最主要围产因素(共计占51.2%),因胎膜早破而早产的患儿合并宫内感染主要以非特异性感染症状为主,占52.4%。少部分出现宫内感染性肺炎,需要呼吸机支持的比率非常低(2.4%),然而,因前置胎盘而早产的宫内感染症状则多半以肺部感染为主(62.0%),且需要机械通气患儿比例明显增高,接近三分之一(32.0%),两者比较差异有统计学意义(P=0.033)。结论因前置胎盘出生的早产儿需要特别警惕合并宫内感染性肺炎,需积极呼吸支持。Objective To study the influencing factors of intrauterine infection and analyze the clinical features of intrauterine infection in premature infants caused by placenta previa and premature rupture of membranes.Methods A retrospective analysis was made in 262 cases of premature infants with intrauterine infection treated in neonatal wards from January 2017 to January 2019.The general data such as gender,gestational age,birth weight,and asphyxia were recorded,and the perinatal factors related to preterm birth were recorded.The clinical characteristics of infection caused by placenta previa were compared with those caused by premature rupture of membranes.Results There are many factors leading to intrauterine infection in premature infants,and the top two most important perinatal factors were premature rupture of membranes and placenta previa(accounting for 51.2%),and the premature infants with intrauterine infection due to premature rupture of membranes mainly presented symptoms of non-specific infection,accounting for 52.4%.A small part of the infants had pneumonia related to intrauterine infection,and the ratio of infants needing ventilator support was very low(2.4%);however,pulmonary infection was the main infection in the premature infants with intrauterine infection due to placenta previa(62.0%),and the ratio of infants needing mechanical ventilation was significantly increased,nearly one-third of them(32.0%),the difference being statistically significant(P=0.033).Conclusion Premature infants born with placenta previa need to be specially alert to intrauterine infectious pneumonia and need active respiratory support.

关 键 词：宫内感染 前置胎盘 胎膜早破 早产儿 

分 类 号：R722.6[医药卫生—儿科]