蔗根土天牛成虫产卵习性及温度对卵发育的影响  

Oviposition characteristics and effect of temperature on the egg development of Dorysthenes granulosus Thomson

作　　者：于永浩[1] 覃江梅 龙秀珍[1] 曾宪儒[1] 江小冬 韦德卫[1] 高燕[2] YU Yong-hao;QIN Jiang-mei;LONG Xiu-zhen;ZENG Xian-ru;JIANG Xiao-dong;WEI De-wei;GAO Yan(Plant Protection Research Institute,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biology for Crop Diseases and Insect Pests,Nanning 530007,China;Plant Protection Research Institute,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection,Guangzhou 510640,China)

机构地区：[1]广西农业科学院植物保护研究所/广西作物病虫害生物学重点实验室,南宁530007 [2]广东省农业科学院植物保护研究所/广东省植物保护新技术重点实验室,广州510640

出　　处：《南方农业学报》2020年第3期505-511,共7页Journal of Southern Agriculture

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0201102);广西科学研究与技术开发计划项目(桂科攻15248003-22,桂科AD16380018);广西农业科学院基本科研业务专项(2015YT38)。

摘　　要：【目的】探索蔗根土天牛(Dorysthenes granulosus Thomson)成虫产卵习性和温度对卵发育的影响,为蔗根土天牛的预报及有效防控提供理论依据。【方法】将野外捕获的蔗根土天牛成虫按雌、雄成虫1∶1配对置于自制的养虫盒中,观察其产卵特性后收集卵粒,在室内恒温(19、22、25、28、31和34℃)和变温条件下测算其卵的发育起点温度(C)和有效积温(K)等生物学特征,并分别采用加权平均法和加权直线回归法计算蔗根土天牛卵的发育历期。【结果】蔗根土天牛具有多次交配习性,交配后第2 d即可产卵。雌虫喜在蔗茎近地表下1~3 cm处产卵,单粒或数粒散产,以2.0~3.0粒为主;平均产卵期4.29 d,单雌平均产卵量493.2粒,最多809.0粒,最少211.0粒。雌虫在产卵期第1 d的产卵量最多,约172.0粒,占总卵量的35.0%,随着产卵期的延续,产卵量逐日减少。雌虫腹中的遗腹卵量多达160.0粒,约占总卵量的32.6%,说明雌虫腹中只有2/3左右的卵粒可顺利产出。恒温条件下卵的发育起点温度为(16.70±1.96)℃,有效积温为(153.07±24.95)d·℃;变温条件下卵的发育起点温度为(21.73±2.53)℃,有效积温为(130.08±39.29)d·℃。室内变温条件下,蔗根土天牛卵的发育历期为14.57 d。【结论】蔗根土天牛具有发达的生殖系统和较强的繁衍后代能力;蔗根土天牛卵的发育与温度密切相关,且变温条件影响蔗根土天牛卵的发育。【Objective】To explore the oviposition characteristics and the effects of temperature on the egg development of Dorysthenes granulosus Thomson,and to provide a favorable basis for prediction and effective control of this insect.【Method】Adults of D.granulosus captured in the wild were placed in a homemade box after pairing one male with one female.Collecting eggs after observing its oviposition characteristics.The developmental threshold temperature(C)and effective accumulated temperature(K)of the egg was observed and measured under constant indoor temperatures(19,22,25,28,31 and 34℃)and variable indoor temperatures.Weighted averages method and weighted linear regression method were adopted to calculate the development duration of D.granulosus eggs.【Result】The results showed that D.granulosus had multiple mating habits,females could lay eggs on day 2 after mating,and females preferred laying eggs at 1-3 cm below the cane stalk,there was single egg or multiple eggs,mainly with 2.0-3.0 eggs.The average duration of spawning was 4.29 d.The average amount of eggs laid was 493.2,and the largest number of eggs laid by single female was 809.0,and 211.0 eggs at least.During the oviposition period,the egg amount of day 1 was the largest(about 172.0 eggs),which accounted for 35.0%of the total eggs.As the oviposition period went on,the eggs laid gradually decreased day by day.The posthumous egg amount in female reached 160.0,accounting 32.6%of the total egg amount.It indicated that only 2/3 eggs could be laid by female.Under constant temperature conditions,threshold temperatures of eggs was(16.70±1.96)℃,and the respective accumulated temperature was(153.07±24.95)d·℃.Under variable temperature conditions,threshold temperatures of eggs was(21.73±2.53)℃,and the respective accumulated temperature was(130.08±39.29)d·℃.Under indoor temperature condition,the development duration of D.granulosus eggs was 14.57 d.【Conclusion】D.granulosus have a developed reproductive system and strong ability to reproduc

关 键 词：蔗根土天牛 产卵习性 发育起点温度 有效积温 

分 类 号：S433.5[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]