法医学尸体检验职业防护指南(建议稿)  

Forensic medicine-guidelines for occupational protection in postmortem examination(Proposed draft)

作　　者：何光龙[1] 张以刚 吕途[1] 周亦武[3] 袁明俊 武斌 张超 李洋[1] 孙彦辉 杨超朋[1] 王坚[1] He Guanglong;Zhang Yigang;Lv Tu;Zhou Yiwu;Yuan Mingjun;Wu Bin;Zhang Chao;Li Yang;Sun Yanhui;Yang Chaopeng;Wang Jian(Institute of Forensic Science,Ministry of Public Security,Beijing 100038,China;Material Evidence Authentication and Research Center of Dezhou Public Security Bureau,Shandong Dezhou 253000,China;Department of Forensic Medicine,Tongji Medical College,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430030,China)

机构地区：[1]公安部物证鉴定中心,北京100038 [2]德州市公安局物证鉴定研究中心,山东德州253000 [3]华中科技大学同济医学院法医学系,湖北武汉430030

出　　处：《中国法医学杂志》2020年第2期153-157,共5页Chinese Journal of Forensic Medicine

基　　金：中国工程院重点咨询研究项目“中国法医科学发展战略研究”子课题“中国法医科学发展与国家重大需求及相关制度体系建设”(2016-XZ-21-04);国家重点研发计划重点专项“法医学与痕迹学基础理论研究”子课题“复杂颅脑损伤致伤机制与法医学综合诊断方法研究”(2018YFC0807203)。

摘　　要：法医工作者的职业暴露风险极大,案件现场及尸体上的有毒有害物质、高致病性微生物以及利器、骨折等因素均可能给法医带来身心伤害甚至生命危险。随着经济社会发展,法医的工作环境已经较过去显著改善,但是针对个人防护的重视程度仍需提高。近年来公共卫生事件频发,给法医职业防护带来新的挑战,迫切需要借鉴生物安全领域的先进技术和防护理念,以满足新形势下法医工作的需要。本指南立足当前法医职业防护的实际需求,从暴露风险、防护分级、应急处置等角度阐述,希望能为制定法医职业防护相关标准提供参考,以指导法医工作者开展个人防护工作,为提升法医职业化水平和身心健康提供帮助。Forensic doctors have risks of occupational exposure. Exposure agents such as toxic and harmful substances, highly pathogenic microorganisms, sharp weapons, fractures and other factors coming from the crime scene and corpses may bring physical and mental injuries to forensic doctors. Accompanying with the economic and social developments, the working environment of forensics is much better than the past. But the importance of personal protection still needs to be improved. In recent years, public health incidents occur frequently, which brings new challenges to forensic occupational protection. Forensic departments need to learn more advanced technology and protection concepts from the field of Biosafety. Based on the actual needs, this article aims to supply references for guidelines of forensic occupational protection, which contains information about exposure risks, protection classification, emergency measures, etc. It may help forensic doctors to carry out personal protection, as well as improve the professionalization and health level of them.

关 键 词：法医学 尸体检验 职业防护 指南 

分 类 号：DF795.1[医药卫生—法医学]