限制柴油机最高转速对装载机作业性能的影响  

Influence of maximum engine speed on wheel loader working performance

作　　者：邹乃威 魏建伟[1] 姚喜贵 段传栋 赵云峰 初长祥 ZOU Naiwei;WEI Jianwei;YAO Xigui;DUAN Chuandong;ZHAO Yunfeng;CHU Changxiang(School of Mechanical Engineering,Ningbo University of Technology,Ningbo 315336,Zhejiang,China;Wheel Loader R&D,Guangxi Liugong Machinery Co.,Ltd.,Liuzhou 545007,Guangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]宁波工程学院机械工程学院,浙江宁波315336 [2]广西柳工机械股份有限公司装载机研究院,广西柳州545007

出　　处：《中国工程机械学报》2020年第2期171-177,共7页Chinese Journal of Construction Machinery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51775241)。

摘　　要：为检验柴油机的最高转速对装载机作业性能的影响,开发了装载机整车控制器,通过整车控制器向CAN总线发送限制柴油机最高转速的转矩&转速控制指令(TSC1),使装载机在限定的柴油机最高转速以下工作。设计了一组工况试验,分别对装载机的柴油机最高转速进行了3个级别的限制:①不限制,即额定转速2200 r·min^-1;②限制到2000 r·min^-1;③限制到900 r·min^-1。每个柴油机最高转速限制级别又分为两种工况,分别是装卸距离为15 m的短V型循环和装卸距离为50 m的长直线型循环。结果表明:随着柴油机最高转速的下降,装载机单位作业量的油耗率呈下降趋势,同时作业效率也下降,且装卸距离越长,油耗率和作业效率下降的趋势越明显。限制柴油机的最高转速可以提高装载机的燃油经济性能,同时动力性能也会下降。针对具体的物料,当柴油机最高转速下降到某一值时,装载机动力性的下降并不明显,经济性的改善较为可观。To inspect the influence of engine maximum speed on wheel loader working performance,a wheel loader controller was developed,torque speed control 1(TSC1)message was send to CAN bus by wheel loader controller,the TSC1 message restricted diesel engine maximum speed,and make wheel loader work at the restricting diesel engine maximum speed.A series wheel loader working tests were designed,the diesel engine maximum speed of wheel loader was restricted at three levels,①the rate speed of 2200 r·min^-1(without restricting),②restricting at 2000 r·min^-1,③restricting at 1900 r·min^-1,each diesel engine speed level can be divided into two classes,short V style cycle with working distance of 15 m and long straight line style cycle with working distance of 50 m.The series test results show that:with the diesel engine maximum speed decreasing,the fuel consumption rate of wheel loader was dropping,and working efficiency was reducing too,moreover with the working distance longer the fuel consumption rate and working efficiency reducing trend clearer.That means restricting diesel engine maximum speed could improve the wheel loader fuel economy performance,and loss the dynamic performance.With specific material,if the diesel engine maximum speed dropped to a given value,the wheel loader dynamic performance drops slightly,and economy performance improves obviously.

关 键 词：装载机 柴油机 最高转速 转速限制 转矩&转速控制指令 

分 类 号：TD402[矿业工程—矿山机电]