中国医院小型蒸汽灭菌器现状调查  

Current status of small steam sterilizers in Chinese hospitals

作　　者：张宇 李六亿[2] 巩玉秀 姚希[2] ZHANG Yu;LI Liu-yi;GONG Yu-xiu;YAO Xi(National Institute of Hospital Administration,Beijing 100089,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]国家卫生健康委医院管理研究所医疗服务与安全研究部,北京100089 [2]北京大学第一医院医院感染管理疾病预防控制处,北京100034

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2020年第6期951-954,共4页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

基　　金：国家卫生健康委员会法制司基金资助项目(2018-1201)。

摘　　要：目的了解中国医院小型蒸汽灭菌器使用现状。方法依据国家行业标准设计调查问卷,采用书面调查和实地调研相结合的方式,于2018年11月对我国6省市163所医院开展研究。结果配置小型蒸汽灭菌器的医院占调查总数的50%以上;N、B和S类灭菌周期的小型蒸汽灭菌器在各级医院均有配置;N类灭菌周期在手术室使用较多,占36.37%,B类灭菌周期在口腔科和微生物室使用较多,分别为50.00%和29.73%,S类灭菌周期在手术室和口腔科使用居多,分别为37.50%和34.37%;使用快速灭菌程序的医院比例接近50%;使用快速灭菌程序的原因,三级医院以紧急手术为主(72.41%),二级医院以手术接台需要为主(64.71%)。结论医院应当加强科室使用小型蒸汽灭菌器人员的培训,对科室开展定期检查与监督,促使小型蒸汽灭菌器的规范化使用,从而保证器械和物品的灭菌效果,防止医院感染的发生。OBJECTIVE To understand the current situation of use of small steam sterilizers in Chinese hospitals. METHODS The questionnaire was designed according to the national industry standard, and the survey was carried out by the combination of written questionnaire and onsite survey. Totally 163 hospitals in 6 provinces and cities in China were investigated with the start from Nov, 2018. RESULTS The medical institutions equipped with small steam sterilizers accounted for more than 50% among all of the surveyed hospitals. All levels of hospitals had been equipped with N type and B type and S type small steam sterilizers. Type N sterilization cycle was more frequently used in operating rooms(36.37%). Type B sterilization cycle was more frequently used in dental departments(50.00%) and microbiology laboratories(29.73%).Type S sterilization cycle was more frequently used in operating rooms(37.50%) and dental departments(34.37%). The proportion of hospitals in which the rapid sterilization procedures were used was close to 50%. The emergency surgery(72.41%) was the major reason for the use of rapid sterilization procedure in tertiary hospitals, and consecutive surgery(64.71%)was the major reason in secondary hospitals. CONCLUSION It is necessary for the hospital to strengthen the training of use of small steam sterilizers, carry out regular inspection and supervision of departments and promote the standardized use of the small sterilization so as to ensure the effect of sterilization of equipment and articles and prevent nosocomial infection.

关 键 词：小型蒸汽灭菌器 医院 监测 

分 类 号：R187[医药卫生—流行病学]