1971-2018年大连地区冰雹气候特征  

Climatic Characteristics of Hails in Dalian Region of Liaoning Province from 1971 to 2018

作　　者：隋玉秀 杨景泰 李昱茜 王蕾 周美娥 曹波 SUI Yuxiu;YANG Jingtai;LI Yuqian;WANG Lei;ZHOU Meie;CAO Bo(Dalian Meteorological Service Center,Dalian 116001,Liaoning,China;Air Force Aviation University,Jinzhou 121000,Liaoning,China)

机构地区：[1]大连市气象服务中心,辽宁大连116001 [2]空军航空大学,辽宁锦州121000

出　　处：《干旱气象》2020年第2期249-255,共7页Journal of Arid Meteorology

摘　　要：利用1971-2018年辽宁省大连地区7个区域气象站常规地面观测资料,统计分析该地区冰雹气候特征及其与暴雨的关系。结果表明:大连地区冰雹具有明显的地域特点,多发生在西北部和东部海岛,西南端的旅顺发生概率最低。近48 a来大连地区冰雹总体呈显著递减趋势,且年代际变化特征明显,较大范围降雹或多站冰雹出现的可能性降低;除1月和2月以外,其他月份冰雹均有发生,春秋两季为高发季,其中秋季发生概率最高;中午前后均属于冰雹多发时段,白天冰雹发生概率是夜间的2.3倍,且绝大多数冰雹过程的持续时间不足10 min,多站冰雹持续时间一般高于单站冰雹。大连地区冰雹过程多伴随全区性降水,且以小雨和中雨为主,伴有暴雨的日数仅占冰雹总日数的21.4%,且多为局地性暴雨;当冰雹伴随暴雨出现时,两种天气现象相伴出现在同一站点的概率较大。Based on the conventional ground observation data at seven regional weather stations in Dalian region of Liaoning Province from 1971 to 2018,the climatic characteristics of hail process and their relationship with accompanying rainstorm were statistically analyzed.The results show that the hails in Dalian region had obvious regional characteristics.The hails mostly occurred in the eastern islands and the northwest of Dalian,while the probability of hails was the lowest in Lushun of southwestern Dalian.The decreasing trend of hails was significant in Dalian region during 1971-2018 as a whole,and the decadal change characteristic was obvious,which indicated that the probability of wider range hails process reduced.The hails occurred in every month except for January and February in Dalian region,and the spring and autumn were the high frequency periods of hails,while the hails was the most in autumn.The hail mostly occurred around noon in Dalian,and the probability of hails occurring in the daytime was 2.3 times as much as that at night.The duration of most hail processes was less than 10 minutes,and it during multi-station hail processes was often longer than that during single-station hail processes.The hail processes were mostly accompanied with regional precipitation in Dalian,and the precipitation was mainly light or moderate rain.The days of hails accompanying rainstorm accounted for 21.4%of the total days of hails,and most were local rainstorm.When the hail accompanied with the rainstorm,the probability of two phenomena occurring at same station was bigger.

关 键 词：冰雹 暴雨 气候特征 

分 类 号：P466[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]