吉林省2012-2017年农村中小学生身高体重变化趋势分析  

Changing trends in height and weight among rural primary and high school students in Jilin province:2012-2017

作　　者：王明杰 张扬 王燕[1] 邵双双 王晓伟 刘丝雨 高玥 沈宇航 孙平辉[1] WANG Ming-jie;ZHANG Yang;WANG Yan(Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics,School of Public Health,Jilin University,Changchun,Jilin Province 130021,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学教研室,吉林长春130021

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2020年第3期346-350,共5页Chinese Journal of Public Health

摘　　要：目的了解吉林省农村中小学生身高体重变化趋势及生长高峰期,比较男女生生长发育差异,为提高学生生长发育水平提供科学依据。方法对2012-2017年吉林省农村义务教育学生营养改善计划营养健康状况监测数据进行分析,调查对象为常规监测学校小学一年级至初中三年级(共9个班)的32965名学生,对其进行身高体重测量并分析。结果2012-2017年共测量32965名6~15岁农村中小学生的身高体重,男、女生分别调查了16722和16243人,男女生平均年龄分别为(10.30±2.61)和(10.22±2.59)岁。2012-2017年,6~15岁男生和8~14岁女生身高均呈升高趋势(P<0.05);6、7和15岁女生身高无增长趋势(P>0.05),呈现稳定的状态;6~15岁男女生体重均呈升高趋势(P<0.05)。男生身高增长高峰主要集中在11~13岁,女生为8~11岁;男生体重增长高峰主要集中在7~12岁,女生为9~11岁。结论2012-2017年吉林省农村中小学生身高体重总体呈现升高趋势,且男女生长发育高峰不同。Objective To examine ages of pubertal peak,changing trends in height and weight,and gender difference in growth and development among rural primary and high school students in Jilin province,and to provide evidences for prompting the students'growth and development.Methods The data on height and weight were extracted from the dataset of 6 waves of nutrition and health survey sponsored by the Nutritional Improvement Program for Rural Compulsory Education Students in Jilin province;the surveys were conducted yearly from 2012 to 2017 among a total of 32965 students recruited with multistage stratified cluster sampling in primary schools and high schools covered by the program.Results Of all the 6-15 years old students surveyed,16722 were boy students averagely aged 10.30±2.61 years and 16243 were girl students averagely aged 10.22±2.59 years.During the survey period,the height presented a significant increasing trend among the body students of various ages and among the girl students aged 8-14 years(all P<0.05)but remained stable among the girl students aged 6-7 and 15 years(all P>0.05).The ages for peak height velocity were 11-13 years among the boy students and 8-11 years among the girl students;the ages for peak weight velocity were 7-12 years among the boy students and 9-11 years among the girl students,respectively.Conclusion The height and weight increased generally among rural primary and high school students and the ages for peak height and weight velocity were different between the boy and girl students in Jilin province during the period from 2012 to 2017.

关 键 词：中小学生 身高体重 变化趋势 发育高峰 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]