托木尔峰自然保护区不同生态系统水源涵养价值评估  

Evaluation of Water Conservation Value of Different Ecosystems in Mount Tumor Nature Reserve

作　　者：赵景啟 满苏尔·沙比提[1] 马国飞[1] 张雪琪[1] ZHAO Jing-qi;MANSUER·Shabiti;MA Guo-fei;ZHANG Xue-qi(College of Geographical Science and Tourism,Xinjiang Normal University,Urumqi,Xinjiang,830054,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆师范大学地理科学与旅游学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830054

出　　处：《新疆师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2020年第1期42-48,共7页Journal of Xinjiang Normal University(Natural Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41661100、41461107)资助。

摘　　要：托木尔峰国家级自然保护区是我国少见的高山自然保护区之一,拥有南天山完整的7个垂直自然带谱,水源涵养功能强大,该保护区对其下游居民的生产生活产生极大的影响。本研究通过野外实地调查,同时结合以往收集的文献资料,估算了托木尔峰国家级自然保护区几类典型生态系统的水源涵养量及其水源涵养价值。研究发现保护区的3种典型生态系统的水源涵养量分别为:云杉林7.96×10^6m^3、灌木林81.76×10^6m^3、草地214.90×10^6m^3,其价值为:云杉林0.67×10^8元、灌木林6.90×10^8元、草地18.14×10^8元。土壤层在水源涵养量中所占的比例高达到89.98%,是水源涵养的主要作用层。云杉林生态系统在这3种典型生态系统中单位面积水源涵养能力最大,占比高达52.06%。草地生态系统在涵养水源过程中占据主导地位,其水源涵养量及其价值为最高,占生态系统涵养水源总价值的51.22%。The natural ecosystems in Mount Tumor Nature Reserve of China have important water conservation functions,which is an important ecological barrier for the"Natural water tower"of the Xinjiang.Based on field investigation and literature analysis,the water conservation amount of typical ecosystem in Mount Tumor Nature Reserve was preliminary calculated.Furthermore,the economic value of water conservation was also accounted according to the ecological economics assessment methods.The water conservation quantity was 7.96×10^6 m^3,81.76×10^6 m^3 and 214.90×10^6 m^3 in the spruce forest,shrub and grass ecosystems in the study region,respectively.Correspondingly,the values were 0.67×10^8 Yuan,6.90×10^8 Yuan and 18.14×10^8 Yuan in spruce forest,shrub and grass ecosystems,respectively.The majority of water conservation in the three layer was distributed to the soil layer,which accounted for 89.98% of the total value in the study region.The water conservation capacity of the spruce forest ecosystem per unit area was the largest,which accounted for 52.06% of the among the three typical ecosystems in the study region.The amount and value of water conservation in grassland ecosystem is the highest,accounting for 51.22% of the value of water conservation in the ecosystem,which occupies a dominant position in the process of water conservation.

关 键 词：水源涵养 托木尔峰自然保护区 生态价值 生态经济学 

分 类 号：S715.7[农业科学—林学]