开放式保护对宁夏小麦野生近缘种植物动态变化的影响  

Effects of Open Conservation on Dynamic Changes of Wild Relatives of Wheat in Ningxia

作　　者：李紫辰 李吉宁[1,2] Li Zichen;Li Jining(Key Laboratory for Restoration and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Northwestern China of Ministry of Education,Ningxia University,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750021;The United Research Center for Ecology and Exploitation for Biological Resources in Western China,Ningxia University,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750021)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学西北土地退化与生态恢复国家重点实验室培育基地,宁夏银川750021 [2]宁夏大学西部生态与生物资源开发联合研究中心,宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《宁夏农林科技》2019年第12期36-40,共5页Journal of Ningxia Agriculture and Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金：作物野生近缘种植物保护与可持续利用项目(00053198)。

摘　　要：农业野生近缘种植物是生物遗传资源之一,是我国遗传育种和生物技术研究的重要物质基础,是生物多样性的重要组成部分,是国家可持续发展的战略资源。开展原生境保护点植物资源调查与监测的目的是全面、准确、及时地掌握野生植物资源的动态变化,分析变化的原因,为有效保护、持续利用、科学管理我国农业野生近缘种植物资源提供依据。2008-2013年对在宁夏开放式保护下的小麦野生近缘植物目标物种沙芦草、沙生冰草和赖草的保护区内开展了为期6年的连续调查,结果表明:2013年3种目标物种总的种群密度为31419.72株/hm^2,较基线年(2008年)提高了101.2%。2008-2013年,随着降水和温度变化,种群的丰富度和密度呈正弦曲线波动,与降水和温度变化情况一致,沙芦草和赖草在2009年和2011年种群丰富度增长明显,沙生冰草在2010年种群丰富度最大,符合自然发展规律。3种小麦近缘种生长状况指数均较2008年增长明显,资源状况指数在2013年均增长至107;小麦近缘种原生境保护点环境状况指数从调查基年的51.3增加至91,植被覆盖率较基线年增加了17个百分点,环境状况改善明显。威胁因素降低指数(TRA)从0增加至94.63,保护点的面积未出现减少。说明在激励机制建设、法律法规的完善、能力建设和保护意识增强的基础上,开展的开放式保护模式是可行的。The wild species of agricultural wild species are one of the biological genetic resources.It is an important material basis for the study of genetic breeding and biotechnology in China.It is an important component of biodiversity and a strategic resource for the sustainable development of the country.The purpose of the investigation and monitoring of plant resources of the original habitat protection points is to master the dynamic changes of wild plant resources in a comprehensive,accurate and timely manner,to analyze the causes of the change,and to provide the basis for the effective protection,sustainable utilization and scientific management of the wild plant resources in our country.From 2008 to 2013,in the 6 year continuous survey was carried out in the protected areas of the wild plant species of Agropyro mongolicum,Agropyro desertorum,and Leymus secalinus under the open protection of Ningxia.The results showed that the total population density of the 3 species was 2013 years is 31419.72 per hectare,compared with 101.2%years to improve the line.From 2008 to 2013,with the change of precipitation and temperature,the abundance and density of the population fluctuated in a sinusoidal curve,consistent with the change of precipitation and temperature.The abundance of Agropyro mongolicum and Leymus secalinus in 2009 and 2011 increased significantly,and the population richness was the largest in2010,which was in accordance with the law of natural development;the three species were in accordance with the law of natural development.The growth index of the grain near the wheat growth was more obvious than that in 2008.The index of resource status increased to 107 in 2013,and the environmental index of the primary habitat protection point of the wheat increased from 51.3 to 91 in the base year.The vegetation coverage rate increased by 17 percentage points compared with the baseline year,and the environmental condition improved obviously.The TRA index decreased from 0 to 94.63,and the area of the protection point did n

关 键 词：小麦野生近缘种 基线年 种群密度 动态监测 沙芦草 沙生冰草 赖草 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]