全国人大代表个体属性与履职行为模式实证分析  

An Empirical Analysis on the Personal Attributes and Performance Behavior of NPC Deputie

作　　者：刘乐明[1] LIU Le-ming(College of Political Science and Public Administration,East China University of Political Science and Law,Shanghai,201620)

机构地区：[1]华东政法大学政治学与公共管理学院,上海201620

出　　处：《深圳大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2020年第2期108-116,共9页Journal of Shenzhen University：Humanities & Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“中国民主的历史演变、话语建构与运行路径研究”(17BZZ015)。

摘　　要：人大代表的个体属性与履职行为模式之间存在着内在关联性。利用十一届全国人大提案代表的职业、教育背景以及议案性质等数据,通过交叉列表与散点图统计分析发现,595名提案代表呈现人民公仆、柏克式受托人与专业人士3种履职行为模式。人大代表个体属性中的职业背景与教育背景交互影响着代表提案在目标范围与决断依据方面的偏好,进而型塑着代表的履职行为模式。直接选举并非建立代表与选民联系的唯一方式。在我国人大间接选举模式下,代表通过自身的职域属性与民众更能建立起融洽的关系和优质、高效的联系。人民公仆与柏克式受托人模式代表中达60%为体制内成员,他们在国家权力机关中发挥着中流砥柱作用;基层各行业专业人士代表的提案更接"地气"。从提升履职绩效、增强回应性的角度看,扩大基层代表的比例、重视人大代表辅助机构的建设是优化人大代表结构的可选路径。There is an internal relationship between the individual attributes and performance behavior patterns of NPC deputies. Using the data of the professional background, education background and the nature of the proposal of the 11th NPC, through the analysis of cross list and scatter chart, it is found that 595 proposal deputies present three kinds of performance behavior patterns: Civil servants, Burkean trustees and Professionals. The interaction of professional background and educational background in the individual attribute influences the preference of the proposal in two aspects of Aims and Source of Judgment, and the latter two jointly shape the behavior mode of deputies. Direct elections are not the only way to establish a connection between deputies and voters. In the indirect election mode of the NPC,deputies to the NPC can establish a harmonious relationship and high-quality and efficient connection with the people through their own professional. More than 60% of the deputies of Civil servants and Burkean trustees are cadres within the system, they play a mainstay role in the Legislature. The proposals made by the deputies of entrepreneurs, professors,doctors, scientific and technological personnel and other professionals from the grass-roots are more grounded. From the perspective of improving performance and responsiveness, expanding the proportion of grassroots deputies is an optional way to optimize the structure of deputies to the People’s Congresses. The deputy’s performance of Civil servants is highly dependent, so it is of great significance to improve the performance of deputy’s performance by the construction of assistant organization.

关 键 词：人大代表 履职行为模式 人民公仆 柏克式受托人 专业人士 

分 类 号：D622[政治法律—政治学]