佩里舰上中国人罗森对日本的自信式观察  

Luo Sen’s Confident Observation of Japan on the Expedition with Commodore Perry

作　　者：胡天舒[1] Hu Tianshu

机构地区：[1]东北师范大学历史文化学院,吉林长春130000

出　　处：《外国问题研究》2020年第1期50-54,119,共6页FOREIGN HISTORY STUDIES

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“近代中日游记的‘自-他’审视结构与两国政治互疑的见闻来源研究”(编号:19BSS050)。

摘　　要：1854年,美国"黑船"再次驶向日本,并与之签订了日本近代第一个国际条约《神奈川条约》,从此宣告了德川二百余年锁国时代的终结。在此次佩里的舰队上,中国人罗森以翻译者的身份随之前往,见证了日本开国的最初过程,并将其在日见闻整理成《日本日记》发表。从罗森的游记可以看出他面对日本人时的自信,这种自信一方面表现在他对中国礼教的传统自信,并以此作为评判日本风土人情的标准;另一方面则表现在鸦片战争使中国开国时间早于日本,而罗森又是美国赴日签约的随员,遂不免有率先开眼看世界人士的近代自信。罗森的自信中折射出的清廷托大情结,给东亚地区的"落差-权力"结构赋予了延续性的想象。他的日记试图证明,中国虽在鸦片战争中败于英国,但依旧是"天朝上国",对西方文明也未尝表现出过多的青睐;但与中国相比,长期锁国的日本,却依然草昧未开,不足道焉。In 1854,the American commodore M.C.Perry set off on the expedition to Japan again and signed The Treaty in Kanagawa with the Japanese government,which implied the end of the seclusion policy of Japan from then on.In this expedition,a Chinese named Luo Sen as a translator went together,who witnessed the whole process,and wrote The Diary in Japan.From Luo Sen's diary,we can see his confidence.On the one hand,it is reflected in his confidence of the traditional Chinese ethics.On the other hand,Luo Sen,inevitably had the modern self-confidence,while he was an aide of the American squadron as well as China opened earlier than Japan.Luo Sen's confidence can reflect the arrogance of Qing Dynasty,showing the continuation of the traditional order in East Asia.His diary tried to prove that although China was defeated by Britain in the Opium War,it was still a great country,and did not show too much favor for Western civilization.Comparatively,Japan,which had been self-isolated for a long time,was still ignorance and backwardness.

关 键 词：罗森 《日本日记》 传统自信 近代自信 国势逆转 

分 类 号：K252[历史地理—历史学] K313.36[历史地理—中国史]