休闲何以定义自我?——休闲与个体、社会和文化认同  

How Does Leisure Define Who I Am?--Leisure and Personal,Social and Cultural Identity

作　　者：刘慧梅 贾胜枝[2] Liu Huimei;Jia Shengzhi(Department of Philosophy,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou310028,China;School of International Studies,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学哲学系,浙江杭州310028 [2]浙江大学外国语言文化与国际交流学院,浙江杭州310058

出　　处：《浙江大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2020年第1期194-203,共10页Journal of Zhejiang University:Humanities and Social Sciences

基　　金：浙江省自然科学基金课题(LY19D010013);浙江省哲学社会科学规划课题(18NDJC167YB)。

摘　　要：随着经济和社会的发展,人们逐渐从经济束缚中解放出来,获得更多自由和闲暇。工作不再是定义自我和衡量幸福的唯一方式,休闲作为一种新的文化价值观开始对人们的生活起到重要指导作用。休闲的自由和社会互动等性质为人们提供了深入认识自我以及自我与他人关系的时间和社会空间,有助于解答"我是谁"和"我们是谁"等认同问题。由此,个体能够以一种展现自我的生活方式扮演不同的人生角色,构建较为稳定的个体认同和社会认同,发现和实现人生意义。休闲塑造文化认同的历史源远流长,至今仍然发挥巨大作用。在休闲时代和全球化持续发展的双重背景下,休闲塑造和传播文化价值观的重要作用也日益凸显。因此,休闲与认同关系研究对个体发展、社会发展和文化发展具有重要的积极意义。For a long time,work has been regarded as an activity for people to define themselves and be perceived and defined by others,while leisure is thought to play a subsidiary role to the economy.However,with the advent of the leisure era,leisure is no longer a privilege for the leisure class but becomes the right and daily lifestyle for common people.On the other hand,the high-speed development of globalization and urbanization makes people’s life more unstable and alienated.The intrinsic values of leisure such as freedom and social connection thus provide people with an important way to deeply know themselves and their relationships with the outside world.Against the theoretical background of leisure and identity,this paper examines the role played by leisure in constructing and developing identity to provide people with a feasible scheme to achieve and lead a good life.To achieve the above goal,the paper first reviews the concepts of leisure and identity that have long been discussed in both Chinese and Western contexts,especially the three aspects of identity,namely,personal identity,social identity and cultural identity.Then,the fact that people nowadays have gradually turned their eyes from work to leisure related concepts such as self-fulfilling,happiness,life satisfaction to define themselves is pointed out.And freedom,as the most important feature of leisure enables people to freely explore and flexibly reflect on themselves in the context of leisure.On the other hand,the symbolic meanings contained in leisure activities benefit people in affirming themselves.With the enhancement of self-concept,self-esteem and the like,leisure gives central meaning to people’s life,thus becoming a way of defining oneself.What’s more,leisure is also a social space in which people explore and seek interpersonal relationships and belongingness.The types of leisure activities demonstrate that leisure has an obvious nature of social connection,which helps people find social identity in a mass society.In addition,people act

关 键 词：休闲 个体认同 社会认同 文化认同 

分 类 号：C913.3[经济管理]