无抗养殖鸡粪与化肥配施对玉米生长及土壤理化性状的影响  

Effect of Combined Application of Antibiotic-Free Chicken Manure with Chemical Fertilizer on Corn Growth and Soil Properties

作　　者：薛同宣 张开心 孔雀飞 杨守军[1] 张忠兰[1] 王洪芹[1] Xue Tongxuan;Zhang Kaixin;Kong Quefei;Yang Shoujun;Zhang Zhonglan;Wang Hongqin(Yantai Institute,China Agricultural University,Yantai 264670,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学烟台研究院,山东烟台264670

出　　处：《山东农业科学》2020年第4期106-111,共6页Shandong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：2018年山东省农业重大应用技术创新项目“白羽肉鸡绿色养殖技术集成研究与示范”;山东省重点研发计划项目“规模化养猪场粪水处理和资源化利用关键技术”(2018GNC110021);烟台市科技计划项目(2017ZH097);烟台开发区创新创业领军团队项目“有机废弃物高效资源化利用技术研究与产业化”(TD2016003)。

摘　　要：本研究以鲜食糯玉米中糯2号为试材,探讨无抗养殖鸡粪与化肥配施对玉米生长及土壤性状的影响,以期为无抗养殖鸡粪农田施用提供合理的配施比例。试验基于氮养分基准原则,共设5个处理,分别为空白对照(CK)、40%鸡粪+60%化肥、60%鸡粪+40%化肥、80%鸡粪+20%化肥和100%化肥。结果表明,无抗养殖鸡粪的施用能促进土壤有机质含量的增加,且含量提高幅度与鸡粪施入量呈正相关。在玉米苗期、拔节期和抽穗期,无抗鸡粪处理的土壤速效养分及叶片叶绿素含量相对100%化肥处理较低,但在玉米完熟期则高于100%化肥处理。无抗鸡粪与化肥配施均能调节土壤酸碱度,改善玉米品质,促进土壤中抗生素降解。40%鸡粪+60%化肥处理玉米产量最高,但与60%鸡粪+40%化肥处理间无显著性差异。综合分析认为,40%无抗养殖鸡粪与60%化肥配比是切实可行的施用模式。In this study,the fresh waxy corn cultivar Zhongnuo 2 was used as test material to explore the effects of combined application of antibiotic-free chicken manure and chemical fertilizer on corn growth and soil properties,so as to provide a reasonable application proportion for the combination. Based on the baseline principle of nitrogen nutrient,five treatments were set namely CK( blank control),40% of chicken manure +60% of chemical fertilizer,60% chicken manure + 40% chemical fertilizer,80% chicken manure + 20%chemical fertilizer and 100% chemical fertilizer. The results showed that the application of antibiotic-free chicken manure could promote the increase of soil organic matter content,and the increasement was positively correlated with the application amount of chicken manure. The soil available nutrients and chlorophyll content in leaves treated with antibiotic-free chicken manure were lower than those treated with 100% chemical fertilizer at seedling,jointing and heading stages of corn,but were higher at the mature stage. All the treatments of antibiotic-free chicken manure combined with chemical fertilizer could adjust soil acidity and alkalinity,improve corn quality and promote the degradation of antibiotics in soil. The yield of corn treated with 40%chicken manure + 60% chemical fertilizer was the highest,but there was no significant difference with that of60% chicken manure + 40% chemical fertilizer. The comprehensive analysis showed that 40% antibiotic-free chicken manure and 60% chemical fertilizer was a feasible application mode.

关 键 词：无抗养殖鸡粪 化肥 配施 土壤性状 产量与品质 玉米 

分 类 号：S141.3[农业科学—肥料学] S513.062[农业科学—农业基础科学]