旋叶式压缩机叶片动态接触激励机理  

Characterization of Dynamic Contact Excitation of Rotary Vane Compressor Blade

作　　者：何泽银[1,2] 杨金明 范爱军 陶平安 刘红梅 孙世政 HE Zeyin;YANG Jinming;FAN Aijun;TAO Ping’an;LIU Hongmei;SUN Shizheng(School of Mechatronics and Vehicle Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China;Automotive Thermal Management System Engineering Technology Research Center, Chongqing Construction Automotive Systems Co. Ltd., Chongqing 400052, China)

机构地区：[1]重庆交通大学机电与车辆工程学院,重庆400074 [2]重庆建设汽车系统股份有限公司汽车热管理系统工程技术研究中心,重庆400052

出　　处：《西安交通大学学报》2020年第5期78-86,共9页Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University

基　　金：重庆市技术创新与应用发展专项资助项目(cstc2019jscx-msxmX0038);重庆市自然科学基金资助项目(cstc2019jcyj-msxmX0799);重庆市科委基础科学与前沿技术研究资助项目(cstc2017jcyjAX0053)。

摘　　要：为表征圆弧简谐曲线组合型旋叶式压缩机叶片动态接触激励,基于气体热力学控制方程,建立工作介质在吸入、压缩及排出等过程中压缩机基元容积数学表征模型,研究压缩机基元腔气体压力变化规律。自制微型压力传感器,搭建旋叶式压缩机基元腔气体压力测量试验台,测试并验证压缩机基元腔气体压力计算方法的合理性。基于达朗贝尔原理建立叶片刚体动力学方程,计算叶片与滑槽、叶片与缸体间的非线性动态接触激励力。研究叶片偏距、叶片质量、转子转速、背压腔压力等结构及工况参数对旋叶式压缩机叶片动态接触激励的影响规律。研究结果表明:基元腔压力解析计算曲线与实测曲线变化规律基本一致,二者吻合程度较好;优化叶片偏距可在一定程度上改善叶片受载情况,而叶片质量对其影响较小;在额定背压腔压力条件下,转速高于8020 r/min时叶片已出现脱空现象,因此为了防止叶片脱空以及降低摩擦磨损,应根据转速与背压腔压力关联规律对背压腔压力进行动态控制;叶片动态支反力与动态接触力等计算结果可为压缩机机械噪声预估提供激励数据。To characterize the dynamic contact excitation of the arc-harmonic curve combined rotary vane compressor blade,firstly,based on the gas thermodynamic control equation,a mathematical characterization model of the compressor element volume in the process of suction,compression and discharge of the working medium was derived,and the gas pressure variation of compressor elementary cavity was studied.Meanwhile,miniature pressure sensor was made,and a test-bed for measuring the gas pressure in the elementary cavity of rotary vane compressor was built to test and verify the rationality of the calculation method of gas pressure.Furthermore,based on the D’Alembert’s principle,the rigid body dynamic equation of the blade was established,and the nonlinear dynamic contact excitation force between the blade and chute,as well as between the blade and cylinder block,was calculated.Finally,the effects of blade offset,blade quality,rotor revolving speed,back chamber pressure and other parameters on the dynamic contact excitation of the blades were studied.The results show that:the analytic calculation curve of the gas pressure in the elementary cavity agrees well with the measured curve;the optimization of the blade offset can improve the load condition of the blade to a certain extent,but the blade quality has little influence on the load condition;under the rated back chamber pressure,when the revolving speed is higher than 8020 r/min,the blade is separated from cylinder.So,in order to prevent the blade from separation and reduce friction and wear,the pressure in the back chamber should be dynamically controlled according to the correlation law between the revolving speed and the back chamber pressure.These calculation results of the dynamic contact force can be taken as excitation data for mechanical noise prediction of rotary vane compressor.

关 键 词：旋叶式压缩机 基元腔气体压力 动态接触激励 

分 类 号：TH455[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]