石墨烯基柔性超级电容器复合电极材料的研究进展  

Research Progress of Graphene-based Flexible Supercapacitor Composite Electrode Materials

作　　者：任瑞丽 王会才[1] 高丰 岳瑞瑞 汪振文 REN Ruili;WANG Huicai;GAO Feng;YUE Ruirui;WANG Zhenwen(School of Chemistry and Chemistry Engineering,Tianjin Polytechnic University,Tianjin 300387,China)

机构地区：[1]天津工业大学化学与化学工程学院,天津300387

出　　处：《材料导报》2020年第11期11099-11105,共7页Materials Reports

摘　　要：近年来,便携式和可穿戴电子设备呈现出跨越式发展,为了使可穿戴电子器件更加灵活、轻巧、智能并完全实现产品化,就需进一步探求与之匹配的具有薄、轻、柔特点的储能装置。超级电容器由于具有功率密度高、循环寿命长、机械强度高、安全性好和易于组装等优点,受到研究者的广泛关注。然而,传统的超级电容器一旦受到外力发生变形,储能特性会极大降低甚至丧失。电极材料是电容器的核心部分,因此研制出高柔韧性和储能特性出众的电极材料是有必要的。石墨烯因具有大比表面积,优异的力学、电学性能而成为用于柔性超级电容器的有吸引力的电极材料。赝电容材料可提供高比电容,但其导电性差、稳定性低,因此研究者将石墨烯与赝电容材料相融合作为电极材料,充分发挥各自优势,不仅克服了石墨烯片层间易团聚的缺点,还可提高柔性超级电容器的整体能量密度。由于二维石墨烯片层易堆叠,电子传导能力受到限制,目前更多的研究工作致力于三维多孔网状结构的石墨烯材料。本文突出介绍了石墨烯的两个重要角色:(1)与电化学活性物质复合作为活性材料;(2)作为沉积活性物质的导电柔性基体。因此,功能多样化的石墨烯在制备柔性电极中有很大的潜力。通过化学沉积、浸涂、水热等工艺将具有高电导率的石墨烯直接作为柔性基底,或与赝电容材料键合附着在柔性基体上,制备基于石墨烯的柔性电极材料。本文介绍了超级电容器的储能原理和石墨烯在柔性超级电容器领域的应用状况,着重总结了石墨烯/过渡金属氧化物、石墨烯/导电聚合物复合电极材料在柔性超级电容器方面的研究进展;解析了柔性超级电容器电极材料仍然面临的挑战,并对其未来的发展进行了展望。In recent years,portable and wearable electronic devices have developed by leaps and bounds.In order to make wearable electronic devices more flexible,lightweight,intelligent and fully productized,it is necessary to further explore the matching of thin,light and flexible energy storage.Supercapacitors have attracted wide attention from researchers due to their high power density,long cycle life,high mechanical strength,high safety and ease of assembly.However,once the traditional supercapacitor is deformed by external force,the energy storage characteristics will be greatly reduced or even lost.The electrode material is the core of the capacitor,so it is necessary to develop an electrode material with high flexibility and superior energy storage characteristics.Graphene has a large specific surface area,excellent mechanical and electrical properties and has become an attractive electrode material for flexible supercapacitors.Pseudocapacitance materials can provide high specific capacitance,but have the poor conductivity and low stability.Researchers will use graphene and pseudocapacitance materials are used as electrode materials to fully utilize their respective advantages,which not only overcomes the shortcomings of easy agglomeration between graphene sheets,but also improves the overall energy density of flexible supercapacitors.Since the two-dimensional graphene sheets are easy to stack and the electron conductivity is limited,more research work is currently devoted to the three-dimensional porous network structure of graphene materials.This paper highlights two important roles of graphene:(1)composite with electrochemically active materials as active materials;(2)as the conductive and flexible substrate for depositing active materials,so functionally diverse graphene has great potential in the preparation of flexible electrodes.Graphene with high conductivity was directly used as a flexible substrate by chemical deposition,dip coating,hydrothermal and other processes,or it was bonded with pseudocapacitance m

关 键 词：石墨烯 复合电极材料 柔性超级电容器 过渡金属氧化物 导电聚合物 

分 类 号：TB33[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]