不同浓度猪粪水对两种植物重金属富集及迁移效应的影响  

Accumulation and Translocation of Heavy Metals in Two Plants Irrigated with Different Concentrations of Pig Manure Water

作　　者：靳省飞 鲁为华[1] 王旭哲[1] 陈乙实 李娜娜 孙海荣[1] 张凡凡[1] JIN Shengfei;LU Weihua;WANG Xuzhe;CHEN Yishi;LI Nana;SUN Hairong;ZHANG Fanfan(College of Animal Science and Technology,Shihezi University,Shihezi,Xinjiang 832003,China)

机构地区：[1]石河子大学动物科技学院,新疆石河子832003

出　　处：《家畜生态学报》2020年第4期52-58,共7页Journal of Domestic Animal Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31560659,31360568)。

摘　　要：畜禽粪便是农田有机肥料主要来源之一,由于畜禽粪便中重金属超标与不合理施用,造成土壤重金属污染。该研究旨在探究不同浓度猪粪便废水处理对2种禾本科植物的生物量、土壤pH、电导率、土壤重金属含量以及植物对重金属富集与转移能力的影响。结果表明:随着猪粪便废水浓度增加,土壤pH和电导率随之升高(P<0.05);猪粪的施入抑制2种植物对Cd有效态的吸收;臭草在A3处理时对Cr、Cu的富集能力最强,Cr含量为28.24 mg·kg^-1(地上部)和107.3 mg·kg^-1(地下部),Cu的含量为6.23 mg·kg^-1(地上部)和16.99 mg·kg^-1(地下部);虎尾草在A2处理时最强,Cr含量为20.24 mg·kg^-1(地上部)和90.71 mg·kg^-1(地下部),Cu的含量为2.55 mg·kg^-1(地上部)和9.26 mg·kg^-1(地下部);臭草和虎尾草对重金属的最大迁移总量分别为Cd 0.45 mg和0.83 mg,Cr 141.2 mg和346.13 mg,Cu 30.15 mg和47.2 mg。研究表明,2种植物对重金属Cr和Cu的富集能力较强,但不利于Cd的富集,地下部重金属富集系数大于地上部,地下部对Cr的富集系数大于1(除虎尾草CK),但转移系数都小于1。该研究结果为畜禽粪便的无害化处理提供参考。Livestock manure is one of the main sources of organic fertilizer in farmland.Due to the excessive and unreasonable application of heavy metals in livestock manure,heavy metals in soil are polluted.The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of different concentrations of pig fecal wastewater treatment on biomass,soil pH,electrical conductivity,soil heavy metal content and the ability of plants to enrich and transfer heavy metals in 2 species of gramineous plants.The results showed that with the increase of pig manure concentration,the soil pH value and conductivity of the two plants increased(P<0.05);the manure restrained the intake of Cd in the two plants,the stink weed had the strongest enrichment capacity to Cr and Cu in A2 treatment,and the content of Cr was 28.24 mg·kg^-1(above ground)and 107.3 mg·kg^-1(below ground),and the content of Cu was 6.23 mg·kg^-1(above ground)and 16.99 mg·kg^-1(below ground).Chloris virgata had the biggest capacity in treatment A3,with the content of Cr being 20.24 mg·kg^-1(above ground)and 90.71 mg·kg^-1(below ground),and the content of Cu was 2.55 mg·kg^-1(above ground)and 9.26 mg·kg^-1(below ground).The maximum amount of Cd migration for the two plants was 0.45(mg)and 0.83(mg),respectively,that of Cr migration was 141.2(mg)and 346.13(mg),and that of Cu migration was 30.15(mg)and 47.2(mg).The results showed that the enrichment ability of Cr and Cu was strong,but it was not conducive to the enrichment of Cd.The enrichment coefficient of heavy metal in the underground part was higher than that in the above ground part,and the enrichment coefficient of Cr in the underground part was greater than 1(CK),but the transfer coefficient was less than 1.This study provides a reference for harmless treatment of livestock manure.

关 键 词：猪粪 重金属 植物修复 富集效应 迁移效应 臭草 虎尾草 

分 类 号：S811.5[农业科学—畜牧学]