基于社会生态学理论的中学生体育锻炼影响因素模型的构建  

The Construction of Influencing Factors Model of Middle School Students'Physical Exercise Based on Social Ecology Theory

作　　者：赵洪波[1] 邢鹏 ZHAO Hong-bo;XING Peng(College of Physical Education,Liaoning Normal University,Dalian 116029,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁师范大学体育学院,辽宁大连116029

出　　处：《吉林体育学院学报》2020年第2期65-72,共8页Journal of Jilin Sport University

基　　金：2016年度国家社会科学基金项目“青少年体育健康促进联动机制研究”(16CTY005)。

摘　　要：为系统揭示中学生体育锻炼影响因素,提高对中学生体育锻炼行为干预的实效性,本文以社会生态学理论为基础,以中学生体育锻炼影响因素模型为研究对象,采用文献资料法、问卷调查法、数理统计法等,构建了包含4个一级指标和19个二级指标的中学生体育锻炼影响因素结构模型。研究结论:中学生体育锻炼受学校、家庭、社会和个人自身因素影响。其中,家庭因素对中学生体育锻炼影响最大,个人因素排第二位,学校因素和社会因素排第三位。家庭因素中,对中学生体育锻炼影响较大的依次为“父母的支持”、“父母对体育锻炼的认知”、“父母的运动习惯”三个方面;个人因素中,“个人的体育价值观”和“个人对体育锻炼的认知”影响最大;学校因素中,“学校教师对学生体育价值观的引导”、“学校的体育锻炼氛围”等对中学生体育锻炼影响较大;社会因素中,“社会媒体对于体育的宣传”是影响中学生体育锻炼中最重要的因素。Middle school students'physical exercise influence factors for the system,improve the effect of physical exercise behavior intervention for middle school students,this paper based on the theory of social ecology,with middle school students'physical exercise influence factor model as the research object,USES the literature material law,questionnaire survey method,mathematical statistics,etc.,built contains four primary index and the index of 192 class middle school students'physical exercise influence factors model of the structure.Conclusion:physical exercise of middle school students is influenced by school,family,society and personal factors.Among them,family factors have the greatest influence on middle school students'physical exercise,personal factors are the second,school factors and social factors are the third.Among the family factors,the most influential ones are"parents'support","parents'cognition of physical exercise"and"parents'exercise habit".Among the individual factors,"personal sports values"and"personal cognition of physical exercise"have the greatest influence.Among the school factors,"the guidance of school teachers on students'sports values and the school's physical exercise atmosphere have a great influence on middle school students'physical exercise;Among the social factors,"social media publicity for sports"is the most important factor that affects middle school students'physical exercise.

关 键 词：生态学理论 中学生 体育锻炼 影响因素 

分 类 号：G80-05[文化科学—运动人体科学]