植物立枯丝核菌根腐病研究进展  

Advances in the research on plant root rot caused by Rhizoctonia solani

作　　者：骆丹 田慧 张彩霞 方香玲 Luo Dan;Tian Hui;Zhang Caixia;Fang Xiangling(State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems/Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou Gansu 730020,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学草地农业生态系统国家重点实验室/兰州大学农业农村部草牧业创新重点实验室/兰州大学草地农业科技学院,甘肃兰州730020

出　　处：《中国植保导刊》2020年第3期23-31,共9页China Plant Protection

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31802126);兰州大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(lzujbky-2019-36;lzujbky-2017-3);国家绿肥产业技术体系(CARS-22);国家牧草产业技术体系(CARS-34)。

摘　　要：立枯丝核菌(Rhizoctonia solani)是一类重要的土传病原真菌。该病菌可侵染大量具有重要价值的植物如大豆、紫花苜蓿、小麦、棉花和甜菜等引起根腐病,严重影响植株的生长发育和产量。由于立枯丝核菌能在土壤中长期存活,且种群结构和致病性复杂,导致其引起植物根腐病的防治尤为困难。本文从立枯丝核菌的形态特征及为害情况、遗传多样性及其研究方法、融合群类型及致病性、发病规律及影响因素和防治方法等方面,阐述国内外立枯丝核菌根腐病的研究进展,并对今后的研究方向进行展望,以期为植物立枯丝核菌根腐病的后续研究及其防治新方法的开发利用奠定理论基础。Rhizoctonia solani is one of the most important soil-borne fungal pathogens. This pathogen can infect a large number of plants with great value such as soybean, alfalfa, wheat, cotton, and beet. It can cause root rot in these plants,which will seriously affect plant growth and yield. Since R. solani can survive in the soil for a long period with complicated population structure and pathogenicity, the prevention and control of the plant root rot caused by this pathogen are particularly difficult. In this article, we summarized the advances in research on R. solani root rot at home and abroad. We focused on the aspects of morphological characteristics and damage, genetic diversity and research methods, anastomosis groups and pathogenicity, disease regularity and control methods, and then gave prospects for future research directions. It was hoped to lay a theoretical foundation for further research on R. solani root rot of plants, as well as the development and utilization of new control methods.

关 键 词：立枯丝核菌 根腐病 菌丝融合群 致病性 防治方法 

分 类 号：S432.4[农业科学—植物病理学]