不同形状喷嘴的空化性能数值模拟研究  

Numerical Simulation of Cavitation Performance of Nozzles of Different Shapes

作　　者：吴泽兵 王勇勇 张帅[1] 吕澜涛 王文娟[1] Wu Zebing;Wang Yongyong;Zhang Shuai;Lv Lantao;Wang Wenjuan(School of Mechanical Engineering,Xi'an Shiyou University,Xi'an 710065,China)

机构地区：[1]西安石油大学机械工程学院,西安710065

出　　处：《流体机械》2020年第4期36-41,共6页Fluid Machinery

基　　金：陕西省重点研发计划项目(2018KW-12)。

摘　　要：空化效应可在石油钻井中提高钻头钻速,为了获得不同形状喷嘴的空化性能,利使用FLUENT软件对常规型、扁平型、Y型、十字型、星型这5种形式喷嘴的空化效应进行了数值模拟仿真。研究结果表明:扁平型喷嘴经空化作用后气相具有较大的体积,星型喷嘴经空化作用后气相体积较小;喷嘴轴线上速度分布与喷嘴出口处的面积有关,面积越小轴线上的速度分布越大,但分布越不平稳;十字型喷嘴与常规型喷嘴的空化性能差异主要是由于常规型喷嘴内的湍动能强度较大造成的。喷嘴出口处的水力直径与空化作用后的气相分布具有较高的相关性。Cavitation effect can improve the rate of penetration of the bit in oil drilling.In order to obtain the cavitation performance of nozzles of different shapes,the numerical simulation of the cavitation effect of five types of nozzles(Standard,Slot,Y,Cross and Star shape)was carried out using the software FLUENT.The research results show that the gas phase of the Slot type nozzle contains a large volume after cavitation,and the gas phase volume of the Star type nozzle is small after cavitation;The velocity distribution along the nozzle axis is related to the area of the nozzle outlet,and the smaller the area,the larger the velocity distribution,but less stable the distribution is;The cavitation performance difference between the Cross type nozzle and the Standard type nozzle is mainly due to the high turbulent energy intensity of the Standard type nozzle;The hydraulic diameter at the nozzle outlet has a higher correlation with the gas phase distribution after cavitation.

关 键 词：喷嘴 空化 数值模拟 气相分布 

分 类 号：TH3[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]