论轻轻重重的未成年人罪错行为治理理念  

On the Idea of "Graded Administration" for Controlling Juvenile Delinquency

作　　者：王勇[1] WANG-Yong

机构地区：[1]吉林大学法学院,长春130012

出　　处：《吉林大学社会科学学报》2020年第3期136-145,238,共11页Jilin University Journal Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：吉林省社会科学基金项目(2019q2);吉林大学廉政建设专项研究课题(2019LZY011)。

摘　　要：普通民众期待降低刑事责任年龄;法学研究者呼吁转向分级治理;法律实务者严守刑法底线,探索少年司法制度;立法者则数度修订"两法",强化保护的价值导向;这四种力量直接勾勒了我国当下未成年人罪错行为治理的基本图景。大体来说,上述治理格局分别代表了两种不同的治理理念:普通民众的立场可以归纳为严惩主义的理念,法律人的立场则可以归纳为轻纵主义的理念,但二者对未成年人罪错行为不加区分,相应的治理措施"一刀切",当重不重,当轻不轻,这才是目前我国未成年人罪错行为治理的最大症结所在,破解之道唯有强调轻轻重重的未成年人罪错行为治理理念。这一理念的实现以对未成年人罪错行为进行分级为前提:重重的实现路径在于,废除收容教养制度,但将其惩罚性措施融入到专门学校之中;轻轻的实现路径在于,将少年法庭从"专门化"提升到"专业化"的新阶段。The public expects to lower the age of criminal responsibility;legal researchers call for a shift to hierarchical administration;legal practitioners strictly abide by the baseline of criminal law to explore juvenile justice system;legislators have revised the "Two laws" for several times to strengthen the value orientation of protection.These four forces directly outline the basic picture of the administration of juvenile delinquency in China.Generally speaking,the above administration patterns represent two different views.The view of public can be summed up as the idea of severe punishment,while the view of legal professionals can be summed up as the idea of leniency.However,both of them apply the "one-size-fits-all" approach,which is the biggest crux of the administration of juvenile delinquency.The only way to solve this problem is to apply the idea of punishment in accordance with the seriousness of the crime.The realization of this idea is based on the classification of juvenile delinquency.For heavy cases,the system of reformatory custody should be abolished,and punitive measures should be integrated into specialized schools.For minor cases,the juvenile court should be updated to a new stage of "professional" instead of "specialized".

关 键 词：未成年人罪错行为 分级治理 少年司法制度 

分 类 号：D922.183[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]