‘中蕉9号’在不同移栽期下的产量及品质比较  

Comparison of Yield Formation and Quality of’Zhongjiao No.9’under Different Transplanting Dates

作　　者：田青兰 刘洁云[1] 吴艳艳[1] 黄伟华[1] 黄永才[1] 牟海飞[1] 吴代东[2] 张英俊 黄平明 TIAN Qinglan;LIU Jieyun;WU Yanyan;HUANG Weihua;HUANG Yongcai;MOU Haifei;WU Daidong;ZHANG Yingjun;HUANG Pingming(Biotechnology Research Institute,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanning,Guangxi 530007,China;Grape and Wine Research Institute,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanning,Guangxi 530007,China;Guangxi Qige Biotechnology Co.,Ltd.,Guilin,Guangxi 541004,China;Guangxi Banana Industry Association,Nanning,Guangxi 530000,China)

机构地区：[1]广西农业科学院生物技术研究所,广西南宁530007 [2]广西农业科学院葡萄与葡萄酒研究所,广西南宁530007 [3]广西琦歌生物科技有限公司,广西桂林541004 [4]广西香蕉产业协会,广西南宁530000

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2020年第4期640-648,共9页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：广西创新驱动发展专项资金项目(桂科AA18118028-4);广西科技基地和人才专项(No.2017AD25047);南宁市重点研发计划项目(No.20172128)。

摘　　要：引进镰刀菌枯萎病4号生理小种高抗品种‘中蕉9号’,在广西南宁1-10月不同时段移栽,以‘桂蕉1号’作为对照,并观察其生长特性、产量和果实品质等表现,以期为广西优异抗病品种的选择提供参考。结果表明,与当地传统品种‘桂蕉1号’相比,‘中蕉9号’在广西种植有较大的产量优势,其平均产量较‘桂蕉1号’高16.2%;2月15日及10月1日移栽期处理产量最高。不同移栽期的‘中蕉9号’生育期较‘桂蕉1号’长140~181 d,且其夏秋季种植较冬春季种植生育期平均延长161 d,主要是由于抽蕾推迟。此外,‘中蕉9号’假茎粗壮,在抽蕾前有较高的叶片光合势和叶面积指数,是其生物量和产量形成的基础。品质方面,1月1日移栽的‘中蕉9号’果实催熟后总糖和可滴定酸含量较‘桂蕉1号’分别高出29.0%和63.0%,而脂肪含量显著低于‘桂蕉1号’,‘中蕉9号’果实表现出高糖、高酸、低脂的特点。综上,‘中蕉9号’在广西种植有一定产量优势,但生育期较长,抽蕾晚,冬春季2月15日移栽可获得高产的同时缩短生育期,但仍需进一步在病区试验种植观察其综合表现。’Zhongjiao No.9’,a new banana variety with high resistance to’fusarium wilt No.4’,was introduced and transplanted in different dates from January to October in Nanning,Guangxi,China,and its growth characteristics,yield and quality were observed in order to provide references for the selection of disease-resistant varieties in Guangxi.’Guijiao No.1’was used as the control,a traditional variety in Guangxi,and the plant growth characteristics,yield and fruit quality of’Zhongjiao No.9’and’Guijiao No.1’under different transplanting dates were determined.The results showed that:’Zhongjiao No.9’had a greater yield advantage than’Guijiao No.1’.The average yield of’Zhongjiao No.9’was 16.2% higher than that of’Guijiao No.1’.’Zhongjiao No.9’had higher yield under transplanting date of Feb.15 st and Oct.1^st.The growth period of’Zhongjiao No.9’under different transplanting dates was 140~181 d longer than that of’Guijiao No.1’,and its growth period under summer and autumn planting was 161 d longer than that under winter and spring planting on average,mainly due to bud squaring delayed.Besides,compared with’Guijiao No.1’,’Zhongjiao No.9’had longer growth period,later bud squaring,higher leaf photosynthetic potential and leaf area index before budding,which were the basis of its biomass and yield formation.In terms of quality,the content of total sugar and titratable acid of’Zhongjiao No.9’under transplanting dates of Jan.1^st was 29.0% and 63.0% higher than that of’Guijiao No.1’after fruit ripening,respectively.The fat content of’Zhongjiao No.9’was significantly lower than that of’Guijiao No.1’.Therefore,the fruit of’Zhongjiao No.9’after ripening showed high sugar,acid and low fat.In conclusion,’Zhongjiao No.9’had a certain yield advantage in Guangxi,but its growth period was longer and the bud was later than’Guijiao No.1’.Transplanting on Feb.15^st in winter and spring could achieve high yield and shorten the growth period for’Zhongjiao No.9

关 键 词：移栽期 '中蕉9号’ 产量 品质 抗枯萎病品种 

分 类 号：S668.1[农业科学—果树学]