林火干扰对广东省桉树林生态系统碳密度的影响  

Effects of forest fire on carbon density of Eucalyptus robusta forest ecosystem in Guangdong Province

作　　者：胡海清[1] 罗斯生 罗碧珍[1] 魏书精[2] 王振师[2] HU Hai-qing;LUO Si-sheng;LUO Bi-zhen;WEI Shu-jing;WANG Zhen-shi(College of Forestry,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,China;Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Silviculture,Protection and Utilization/Guangdong Academy of Forestry,Guangzhou 510520,China)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学林学院,哈尔滨150040 [2]广东省森林培育与保护利用重点实验室/广东省林业科学研究院,广州510520

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2020年第4期1067-1074,共8页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41371109);国家林业公益性行业科研专项(201404402);广西自然科学基金项目(2014GXNSFBA118108)资助。

摘　　要：林火作为森林非连续的生态因子,引起森林生态系统碳库碳储量与碳分配的变化,影响森林演替进程及固碳能力。以桉树林不同林火干扰强度的火烧迹地为对象,采用相邻样地比较法,以野外调查采样与室内试验分析相结合为主要手段,研究不同林火干扰强度对森林生态系统各碳库及生态系统碳密度变化和空间分布格局的影响,探讨林火干扰对生态系统碳密度与碳分布格局的影响机制。结果表明:林火干扰降低了植被碳密度(P<0.05),轻度、中度和重度林火干扰样地植被碳密度依次为67.88、35.68和15.50 t·hm^-2,相比对照分别下降了15.86%、55.78%和80.79%;在轻度、中度和重度林火干扰样地中,凋落物碳密度分别为1.43、0.94和0.81 t·hm^-2,相比对照分别降低了28.14%、52.76%和59.30%;不同林火干扰强度样地土壤有机碳密度均低于对照,且减少幅度随土壤剖面深度增加而逐渐变小,轻度、中度和重度林火干扰样地土壤有机碳密度分别为103.30、84.33和70.04 t·hm^-2,相比对照分别下降了11.67%、27.89%和40.11%;轻度、中度和重度林火干扰后桉树林生态系统碳密度分别为172.61、120.95和86.35 t·hm^-2,相比对照依次下降了13.53%、39.41%和56.74%;林火干扰降低了桉树林的碳密度,表现为随林火干扰强度增加,碳密度呈递减的规律;与对照相比,轻度林火干扰强度对桉树林碳密度的影响不显著(P>0.05),而中度和重度林火干扰强度对桉树林碳密度的影响差异显著(P<0.05)。As a non-continuous ecological factor,forest fire affects carbon pool and carbon distribution in forest ecosystems,and alters forest succession and carbon sequestration capacity.In this study,the burned sites of Eucalyptus robusta forests with different fire intensities were selected as the research object.A comparison method of adjacent plots was used in combination with field sampling and laboratory analysis,to investigate the effects of different forest fire intensities on the variation and spatial distribution patterns of carbon density of different ecosystem components in forest ecosystems.We found that forest fire reduced vegetation carbon density(P<0.05).Carbon density of vegetation in the plots with light,moderate and high fire intensities was 67.88,35.68 and 15.50 t·hm^-2,with a decrease of 15.86%,55.78%and 80.79%compared to that of the control,respectively.After interference of light,moderate and high forest fire intensities,carbon density of litter was 1.43,0.94 and 0.81 t·hm^-2,respectively,with a reduction of 28.14%,52.76%and 59.30%,respectively.Soil organic carbon density in forests with different forest fire intensities was lower than that of the control,and the reduction amplitude gradually became smaller with increasing soil depth.Soil organic carbon density of E.robusta forests was 103.30,84.33 and 70.04 t·hm^-2,respectively,which decreased by 11.67%,27.89%and 40.11%,respectively.In forests with light,moderate and high forest fire intensities,ecosystem carbon density was 172.61,120.95 and 86.35 t·hm^-2,respectively,which decreased by 13.53%,39.41%and 56.74%,respectively.In summary,forest fire disturbance reduced carbon density of E.robusta forests,which decreased with increasing forest fire intensity.Compared with the control,light-intensity forest fire interference had no significant effect on ecosystem carbon density(P>0.05),while moderate-and high-intensity forest fire interference had a significant effect on ecosystem carbon density(P<0.05).

关 键 词：林火干扰 森林生态系统 植被碳库 凋落物碳库 土壤有机碳库 

分 类 号：S718.5[农业科学—林学]