基于红外相机监测的藏酋猴日活动节律及其季节性变化  

Daily and seasonal variation of activities of Tibetan Macaque(Macaca thibetana)based on infrared camera trapping

作　　者：刘邦友 王丞 张廷跃 梁盛 粟海军[2] 张明明[2] 周大庆 胡灿实[4] LIU Bang-you;WANG Cheng;ZHANG Ting-yue;LIANG Sheng;SU Hai-jun;ZHANG Ming-ming;ZHOU Da-qing;HU Can-shi(Administration Bureau of Chishui Alsophila National Nature Reserve,Chishui 564700,Guizhou,China;College of Forestry,Guizhou University,Research Center for Biodiversity and Nature Conservation of Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China;Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences,Ministry of Ecology and Environment,Nanjing 210042,China;College of Life Sciences,Guizhou University,The Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region(Ministry of Education),Guiyang 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州赤水桫椤国家级自然保护区管理局,贵州赤水564700 [2]贵州大学林学院生物多样性与自然保护研究中心,贵阳550025 [3]生态环境部南京环境科学研究所,南京210042 [4]贵州大学生命科学学院山地植物资源保护与种质创新教育部重点实验室,贵阳550025

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2020年第4期1231-1237,共7页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：贵大人基合字(2017)57号;贵州赤水桫椤国家级自然保护区哺乳动物多样性监测项目(环境保护部——生物多样性保护专项);生态环境部生物多样性保护专项(MM-2016-029和MM-2016-030);贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合支撑[2019]2842号)资助。

摘　　要：日活动节律是动物在一天中不同时间段的活动强度及其周期性变化规律,与身体控制代谢和能量收支成本密切相关。2015年8月至2017年8月,在贵州赤水桫椤国家级自然保护区,借助红外相机监测,对藏酋猴(Macaca thibetana)日活动节律及不同季节的日活动节律的变化进行了研究。调查期间红外相机累计6370个工作日,共收获687张藏酋猴照片,其中独立有效照片105张。日活动节律分析显示,藏酋猴属于典型性的昼行性动物,日活动呈现"M"型,活动高峰出现在12:00—16:00。不同季节的日活动节律比较结果显示,藏酋猴在雨季和旱季的行为节律差异不显著(P>0.05)。与雨季相比,旱季的行为差异表现为活动时间缩短、日出时段活动减少以及主要活动时间从中午推移到下午。另外,随着年气温的变化,藏酋猴日活动温度范围在-2~34℃,其中,15~25℃时活动频次较高(占比59%)。本研究从红外相机的视角揭示了藏酋猴的日活动节律及其变化,为藏酋猴行为生态学研究的深入提供了科学依据。The dynamics of daily activity are the activity intensity and periodic change pattern of animals in different periods of the day,which are closely related to metabolism control and energy expenditure cost.From August 2015 to August 2017,the daily activities of Macaca thibetana in different seasons were examined in Chishui Alsophila National Nature Reserve,with infrared camera monitoring.A total of 105 independent pictures of M.thibetana(out of 687 recognizable pictures)were collected with a sampling effort of 6370 camera-days.The analysis of daily activity patterns showed that M.thibetana was a typical diurnal animal,with daily activity peaks at 12:00-16:00 with the shape of‘M’.There was no significant difference of daily activity between rainy and dry seasons(P>0.05).In dry season,daily activity time was decreased in the sunrise period and the activity peaks delayed from midday to afternoon as compared to rainy season.Temperature range of daily activity was-2 to 34℃along with the change of annual temperature,among which 15-25℃accounted for 59%.Our results reveal the seasonal variation of daily activity patterns of M.thibetana based on the infrared camera and provide scientific basis for the in-depth understanding of the behavioral ecology of M.thibetana.

关 键 词：藏酋猴 日活动节律 红外相机 赤水桫椤国家级自然保护区 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]