森林凋落物养分空间变异及其影响因素  

Spatial variation of forest litter nutrients and its controlling factors

作　　者：秦倩倩 王海燕[1] QIN Qian-qian;WANG Hai-yan(College of Forestry,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学林学院,北京100083

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2020年第4期1318-1329,共12页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0504002)资助。

摘　　要：凋落物是衡量森林质量的关键特征之一,具有养分归还、水土保持、过滤有毒物质、提供动物和微生物的食物、影响种子萌发和维持地表温湿度等生态功能。凋落物养分空间变异是指在一定的区域内,因空间位置不同凋落物养分特征存在的差异性和多样性,其影响群落分布格局,是森林生态系统中普遍存在但极为重要的特性。本文综述了国内外森林凋落物养分空间变异及其与自然和人为因素关系的研究进展。目前,凋落物养分空间变异研究以经典统计学和地统计学两种定量描述方法为主,涉及森林群落、景观和区域及全球尺度,受到植物、土壤、地形、气候、森林结构和干扰等诸多因子的影响,因研究的方法、对象、目的、区域或尺度不同而存在差异。因此,需进一步加强定量描述凋落物空间变异方法的综合应用和标准化,针对性地选择适宜的方法来描述森林凋落物养分空间变异,广泛开展多重尺度上凋落物养分的空间变异及其与多因素的关系,确定研究尺度及相应的主控因子。Litter,as a principal resource for improving forest quality,plays a major role in the sustaining of ecosystem function,including nutrient return,soil and water conservation,toxic substances filtration,food resource of animals and microorganisms,seed germination,keeping temperature and humidity of surface soil.Spatial variation of litter nutrients refers to the difference and diversity of litter nutrients in different spatial locations within a certain region,which could affect community distribution and is a common but very important feature in forest ecosystems.Here,we reviewed the spatial variation of forest litter nutrients and its relationship with natural and anthropogenic factors.Current research on the spatial variation of forest litter nutrients gave priority to the two quantitative description methods(classical statistics and geostatistics),involved community,landscape,regional,and global scales,and related to factors such as plant,soil,terrain,climate,forest structure,and disturbances.The results of spatial variation of forest litter varied with methods,objects,purposes,research areas or scales of different studies.Therefore,we need to strengthen studies on the standardization and comprehensive application of quantitative methods and select appropriate methods to describe spatial variation.It is worthy to investigate the spatial variation of forest litter and its relation to environmental factors at multiplescale for the determination of research scales and corresponding affecting factors.

关 键 词：森林生态系统 凋落物养分 空间变异 自然因素 人为因素 

分 类 号：S714[农业科学—林学]