基于雷达图分析的耕层构造效应综合评价  

Comprehensive evaluation of plough layer structuring effect based on radar chart method

作　　者：白伟[1] 孙占祥[1] 张立祯[2] 郑家明[1] 冯良山[1] 蔡倩[1] 向午燕 BAI Wei;SUN Zhan-xiang;ZHANG Li-zhen;ZHENG Jia-ming;FENG Liang-shan;CAI Qian;XIANG Wu-yan(Tillage and Cultivation Research Institute,Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shenyang 110161,China;College of Resources and Environmental Sciences,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁省农业科学院耕作栽培研究所,沈阳110161 [2]中国农业大学资源与环境学院,北京100081

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2020年第4期1369-1376,共8页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：辽宁省“兴辽英才计划”项目(XLYC1807051);中国博士后科学基金(2017M620103);中央引导地方科技发展专项资金;国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0300204);辽宁省自然科学基金计划重点项目(20180540004);辽宁省“百千万人才工程”项目(201746);辽宁省农业科学院学科建设计划(2019DD062010);农业科研杰出人才及其创新团队项目资助。

摘　　要：改善耕层构造是解决旱作农田耕层存在"浅"、"实"、"少"问题的重要技术措施之一,对北方旱作农田合理耕层构建和土壤健康发展具有重要意义。为了探明旱作农田耕层构造的综合效应,在国家农业环境阜新科学观测实验站长期定位试验,设置了上虚下实耕层(up loose and down compaction plough layer,ULDC)、虚实并存耕层(furrow loose and ridge compaction plough layer,FLRC)、全虚耕层(all loose plough layer,AL)、全实耕层(all compaction plough layer,AC) 4种耕层构造,利用2015—2016年2年的产量、水分利用效率、群体生物产量、叶面积指数、光合速率、土壤容重、土壤三相结构距离、根重密度、根表面积密度9个指标,进行基于雷达图分析的耕层构造效应综合评价。根据向量综合评价函数,虚实并存耕层构造、全虚耕层构造、全实耕层构造、上虚下实耕层构造的综合评价值分别为0.8222、0.7174、0.6903、0.6455,验证了虚实并存耕层构造在辽西地区的优越性。综合分析认为,虚实并存耕层是北方旱作农田的最优耕层结构,为区域建立科学的土壤耕作制度和土壤可持续发展提供了理论和技术参考。Improving plough layer structuring is an effective approach to solve the problems of shallow,compacted and lacked plough layer,which is of great significance to reasonable plough layer construction and soil health development of drylands in north China.To examine the effects of plough layer structuring of rainfed croplands,we designed an experiment with four treatments including up loose and down compaction plough layer(ULDC,as a control),furrow loose and ridge compaction plough layer(FLRC),all loose plough layer(AL)and all compaction plough layer(AC)in a long-term experimental station in Fuxin of Liaoning Province from 2015 to 2016.We measured nine parameters,including yield,water use efficiency,biomass,leaf area index,photosynthetic rate,soil bulk density,soil three-phase structure distance,root weight density,root surface area density.According to the comprehensive evaluation function of vectors,comprehensive evaluation values of FLRC,AL,AC and ULDC were 0.8222,0.7174,0.6903 and 0.6455,respectively.After comprehensive analyses,FLRC is the best structure of the plough layer in the drylands of northern China.Our results provide a theoretical and technical reference for establishing a scientific soil tillage system and soil sustainable development in the region.

关 键 词：耕层构造 雷达图 综合评价 春玉米 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]