论我国技术转让法律制度的完善——以美欧在WTO相关诉告为背景  

On the Improvement of Chinese Technology Transfer Legal System:Considering the Complaints Raised by US and EU in WTO

作　　者：马忠法[1] 吴青曜 Ma Zhongfa;Wu Qingyao

机构地区：[1]复旦大学法学院 [2]复旦大学知识产权研究中心

出　　处：《知识产权》2020年第4期32-41,共10页Intellectual Property

基　　金：“国家哲学社会科学重大项目”《构建人类命运共同体国际法治创新研究》(18ZDA153);国家社会科学基金重点项目“‘人类命运共同体’国际法理论与实践研究”(18AFX025)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：为遏制我国进一步发展,美国和欧盟相继在WTO起诉我国存在“强制技术转让”。在澄清国内法律与WTO规则相符性的同时,我国已意识到完善技术转让法律制度的内生需要与此次美欧起诉具有相关性:我国并未出台专门的技术转让法,有关措施散见于诸多法律条文而妨碍了制度的整体效用。此外,我国未全面利用WTO例外规定对发展中国家的保护,致使本国劣势企业负担过高义务。为创设公平的技术转让法治环境并避免发达国家滥用技术保护,我国需整合有关法律规范,修正过时规定,依据技术转让所涉的贸易和投资不同属性区别立法,并积极通过国际规则寻求优惠待遇。To curb China's development,US and EU sued China in the WTO,accused China of"forced technology transfer".While clarifying China's domestic law is in conform to the WTO rules,China also realized that the inherent need to improve technology transfer legal system is relevant to the charges by US and EU:China doesn't have special technology transfer law,the relevant measures are scattered in many provisions of laws and regulations,hindering the overall effect of the system.Besides,China failed to take full advantage of WTO's protection for developing Countries in the exceptional terms,resulting in excessive obligations born by Chinese inferior enterprises.To create a legal environment for fair technology transfer and avoid developed countries to abuse technology protection,China needs to consolidate relevant laws and regulations,revise outdated provisions,carry out differential legislation according to tech-transfer-related trade and investment of different attributes,and actively seek for preferential treatment through international rules.

关 键 词：技术贸易 国际技术转让 法律制度 WTO争端解决 

分 类 号：D996.1[政治法律—经济法学] D922.17[政治法律—国际法学] D923[政治法律—法学]