基于最小一乘的虚拟阵元波束形成仿真研究  

Simulation of virtual array beamforming based on least absolute deviation

作　　者：张伟民 郭海涛 金其余[3] 田原嫄[4] 焦圣喜[5] ZHANG Weimin;GUO Haitao;JIN Qiyu;TIAN Yuanyuan;JIAO Shengxi(College of Electronic Information Engineering,Inner Mongolia University,Hohhot 010021,Inner Mongolia,China;School of Marine Information Engineering,Hainan Tropical Ocean University,Sanya 572022,Hainan,China;School of Mathematical Sciences,Inner Mongolia University,Hohhot 010021,Inner Mongolia,China;School of Mechanical Engineering,Northeast Dianli University,Jilin 132012,Jilin,China;College of Automation Engineering,Northeast Dianli University,Jilin 132012,Jilin,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古大学电子信息工程学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010021 [2]海南热带海洋学院海洋信息工程学院,海南三亚572022 [3]内蒙古大学数学科学学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010021 [4]东北电力大学机械工程学院,吉林吉林132012 [5]东北电力大学自动化工程学院,吉林吉林132012

出　　处：《声学技术》2020年第2期134-140,共7页Technical Acoustics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(61661038,41076060);内蒙古自然科学基金(2014MS0601)资助项目。

摘　　要：水下多波束成像系统成像质量的关键主要在于波束形成的质量。在信号频率一定时,常规相移波束形成只有通过增加基阵的孔径来得到更窄的波束,但是在有限的应用条件下,这种方法又受到实际工程的限制。因此,提出一种基于最小一乘估计的虚拟阵元波束形成方法。在低信噪比的情况下,利用最小一乘估计的稳健性可以得到更加准确的估计信号,从而在不增加基阵尺寸的情况下获得更窄和抗干扰性更强的波束,提高阵增益和声呐图像的角度分辨率。通过Matlab仿真并与其他方法比较验证,证明了上述方法的优越性。The quality of beamforming is the key to the imaging quality of underwater multi-beam imaging system.When the signal frequency is constant,the conventional phase-shifting beamforming algorithm can only get a narrower beam by increasing the aperture of the array,but this method is restricted by practical conditions in engineering.Therefore,a virtual array beamforming algorithm based on least absolute deviation(LAD)estimation is presented,by which a narrower and more robust beam can be obtained without increasing the array size,moreover the array gain and the angle resolution of sonar image can be increased under low signal to noise ratio(SNR).The superiority of the above method is verified by using Matlab simulation and comparing with other methods.

关 键 词：多波束成像系统 最小一乘估计 稳健性 虚拟阵元 波束形成 

分 类 号：TN911.7[电子电信—通信与信息系统]