桥梁亮化工程对水域船舶夜航安全的影响分析  

Impact of Bridge Lighting Project on the Safety of Ship Navigation at Night in Waters

作　　者：李志荣 朱金善[1] 张文拴[1] 余鉴文 LI Zhirong;ZHU Jinshan;ZHANG Wenshuan;YU Jianwen(Navigation College,Dalian Maritime University,Dalin 116026,China)

机构地区：[1]大连海事大学航海学院,辽宁大连116026

出　　处：《安全与环境工程》2020年第2期118-125,共8页Safety and Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51309043)。

摘　　要：为研究桥梁亮化工程对其水域船舶夜航安全的影响,预防桥区水域船舶夜航安全事故,通过对船舶驾驶人员操纵行为的分析,探讨了驾驶人员的认知响应模式,包括感知、判断和响应三个阶段,量化分析了桥区水域光环境对船舶夜航安全的影响,包括航标灯的可识别性和船舶驾驶人员的视觉绩效,并以南京长江大桥的亮化照明为例,对该水域船舶夜航安全进行了量化分析。结果表明:桥区光环境对桥区水域航标灯可识别性的影响不明显;亮化照明产生的眩光对船舶驾驶人员视觉绩效的影响未超过"略感不舒服"的程度;桥区光环境无论是对航标灯的可识别性还是对船舶驾驶人员视觉绩效的影响均随着距大桥距离的增加而明显减弱。该研究结果可为桥梁亮化工程水域船舶夜航光环境的量化评价和光污染防治提供依据。In order to study the impact of bridge lighting project on the safety of ship navigation at night in the waters and to prevent the accidents of ship navigation at nights in bridge waters,through the analysis of the maneuvering behavior of ship drivers,this paper discusses the cognitive response mode of the ship drivers,including the three stages of perception,judgment and response.Then the paper quantitatively analyzes the impact of the light environment in the bridge waters on the safety of ship navigation at night,including the identifiability of navigation lights and ship drivers’visual performance.At last,taking the lighting project of Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge as an example,the paper carries out the quantitative analysis of the safety of ship navigation at night.The results show that the impact of the light environment in the bridge waters on the identifiability of navigation lights is not obvious;the impact of the light glare on the visual performance of ship drivers does not exceed"slightly uncomfortable";and both of the impacts are significantly reduced as the distance from the bridge increases.The paper expects to provide basis for the quantitative evaluation of light environment and prevention of light pollution in bridge lighting projects.

关 键 词：桥梁亮化工程 船舶夜航安全 可识别性 视觉绩效 

分 类 号：X924.4[环境科学与工程—安全科学] U443.7[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]