基于PM2.5中的黑碳变化探究上海冬季典型污染过程  

Based on the variation of black carbon in PM2.5 to observe pollution episode in winter Shanghai

作　　者：陈奇[1] 方引 冯艳丽[1] 张帆 朱文杰 汪午[1] 陈颖军[2] CHEN Qi;FANG Yin;FENG Yanli;ZHANG Fan;ZHU Wenjie;WANG Wu;CHEN Yingjun(Institute of Environmental Pollution and Health,School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering,Shanghai University,Shanghai 200444,China;College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Tong Ji University,Shanghai 200092,China)

机构地区：[1]上海大学环境与化学工程学院环境污染与健康研究所,上海200444 [2]同济大学环境科学与工程学院,上海200092

出　　处：《上海大学学报（自然科学版）》2020年第2期263-274,共12页Journal of Shanghai University:Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41773114,41473091)。

摘　　要：2016年11月29日-12月9日,上海连续发生两起大气污染事件,最高小时PM2.5质量浓度分别达到119和179μg/m^3.利用黑碳(black carbon,BC)仪的在线观测数据,结合大流量PM2.5滤膜样品的化学组成数据--有机碳(organic carbon,OC)、元素碳(element carbon,EC)、水溶性离子、金属元素,观察两次污染过程中PM2.5的化学组成和来源变化.结果表明,在两次污染过程中,污染期的平均PM2.5质量浓度分别是洁净期的4.2和3.9倍,而平均黑碳质量浓度仅为洁净期的1.6和1.9倍.污染期的最高黑碳质量浓度为8.94μg/m^3,占PM2.5的百分比为22.0%.在两次污染过程中,洁净期的平均黑碳质量浓度占PM2.5的百分比分别为11.8%和7.5%,显著高于污染期的4.4%和3.7%.污染期的二次污染严重,平均二次污染物分别占PM2.5的百分比为41.8%和31.9%,平均二次有机碳(secondary OC,SOC)占有机碳的百分比分别为42.5%和34.9%.在两次污染过程中,燃煤、机动车、船舶排放和生物质燃烧均有显著贡献.During the period between November 29 th and December 9 th in 2016,two air pollution episodes occurred in Shanghai,with the highest hourly concentration of PM2.5reaching 119 and 179 μg/m^3,respectively.The concentration of black carbon(BC) was observed,and fine particle matter was sampled and compositions such as organic carbon(OC),element carbon(EC),water-soluble ions and element were analyzed in two pollution episodes to observe the composition and source of PM2.5.Investigation results showed that in two pollution episodes,the average concentrations of PM2.5 in pollution stage were 4.2 and 3.9 times of that in clean stage,respectively.The average concentrations of BC in pollution stage were 1.6 and 1.9 times of that in clean stage.The highest BC hourly concentration and the proportion of BC in PM2.5 during pollution episodes were8.94 μg/m^3 and 22.0%.The average proportions of BC in PM2.5 in clean stage were 11.8%and 7.5%,respectively,which were higher than the proportion in pollution stage(4.4%and 3.7%).The average proportions of secondary pollutants in PM2.5 were 41.8% and31.9%,respectively.The average proportions of secondary organic carbon(SOC) in OC were 42.5% and 34.9%,respectively.Coal combustion,vehicles,boats and biomass burning contributed significantly to the pollution episodes.

关 键 词：PM2.5 黑碳 污染过程 二次污染物 

分 类 号：X511[环境科学与工程—环境工程]