青岛地区糖尿病患者及合并冠心病的饮食调查与研究  

Dietary investigation and research on diabetic patients with coronary heart disease in Qingdao area

作　　者：卢振振 卢俊丽 刘清 于滢超 张玉花 吕晶 梁惠[1] LU Zhenzhen;LU Junli;LIU Qing;YU Yingchao;ZHANG Yuhua;Lü Jing;LIANG Hui(College of Medicine in Qingdao University,Qingdao 266021,China;Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao Binhai College,Qingdao 266555,China;Qingdao Chengyang District People's Hospital,Qingdao 266109,China;Qingdao Haici Medical Group,Qingdao 266034,China;Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University,Qingdao 266000,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛大学医学院,山东青岛266021 [2]青岛滨海学院附属医院,山东青岛266555 [3]青岛城阳区人民医院,山东青岛266109 [4]青岛市海慈医疗集团,山东青岛266034 [5]青岛大学附属医院,山东青岛266000

出　　处：《临床医药实践》2020年第5期381-385,共5页Proceeding of Clinical Medicine

基　　金：汤臣倍健营养科学研究基金项目(项目编号:2016-102).

摘　　要：目的:调查并分析糖尿病患者及合并冠心病患者营养知识、态度、行为及膳食营养摄入情况,以期为其提供合理化建议和饮食干预方案。方法:对2016年7月—2017年7月在青岛大学附属医院和青岛市城阳区人民医院就医的符合纳入标准的糖尿病患者及合并冠心病患者进行调查。共发放200份问卷,剔除无效问卷,最终获得188份有效问卷。利用专业营养软件计算每日食物用量、微量营养素及维生素摄入量,对糖尿病患者及合并冠心病患者的营养状况进行分析评价。结果:在营养知识态度行为调查中,糖尿病患者营养知识水平属“良”等级者占27.55%,“中”等级者占37.75%,“差”等级者占34.69%,糖尿病合并冠心病患者三个等级分别为24.44%,28.89%和46.67%。两组患者食物摄入量在谷薯类、水果类、肉蛋类三方面存在差异。两组患者钾、钠、钙、镁、铁、锰、锌、铜、磷、硒等微量营养素摄入量以及维生素A、维生素B 1、维生素B 2、维生素C、维生素E、维生素PP摄入量等方面比较差异无统计学意义。结论:糖尿病及合并冠心病患者存在某些不良的饮食与生活习惯,三大能量营养素摄入不合理,饮食结构比较单一,多种营养素摄入水平不均衡。Objective:To investigate the nutritional knowledge,attitudes and dietary intake of diabetic patients and patients with coronary heart disease,and to analyze and evaluate their nutritional status,in order to provide rationalization advice and dietary intervention programs.Methods:From July 2016 to July 2017,according to the inclusion criteria,patients with diabetes and patients with coronary heart disease who were admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University and Chengyang District People's of Qingdao were selected for investigation.A total of 200 questionnaires were distributed,and invalid questionnaires were eliminated,resulting in 188 valid questionnaires.The results of the dietary survey used professional nutrition software to calculate daily food intake,micronutrients and vitamin intake,and to analyze the nutritional status of patients with diabetes and patients with coronary heart disease.Results:In the survey of nutritional knowledge,attitude and behavior,the nutritional knowledge level of diabetic patients accounted for 27.55%in the“good”grade,the“medium”grade was 37.75%,the“poor”grade was 34.59%,and the three grades of diabetic patients with coronary heart disease were 24.44%,28.89%,46.67%.There was no statistical difference in the intake of micronutrients such as potassium,sodium,calcium,magnesium,iron,manganese,zinc,copper,phosphorus,and selenium,and vitamin A,vitamin B 1,vitamin B 2,vitamin C,and vitamin E in the two groups significance.Conclusion There are some unhealthy diets and living habits in patients with diabetes and coronary heart disease.The intake of the three energy nutrients is unreasonable,the diet structure is relatively simple,and the intake levels of multiple nutrients are not balanced.

关 键 词：糖尿病 合并冠心病 饮食调查 

分 类 号：R541.4[医药卫生—心血管疾病]