喷淋作用下地铁站台烟气流动模拟研究  

Numerical study of smoke movement on subway platform under the effects of water sprinkler

作　　者：张雷[1] 唐智[2,4] 方正 陈聪[3] 温裕春 王梓豪 ZHANG Lei;TANG Zhi;FANG Zheng;CHEN Cong;WEN Yu-chun;WANG Zi-hao(Central-South Architectural Design Institute Co.,Ltd.,Hubei Wuhan 430071,China;School of Civil Engineering,Wuhan University,Hubei Wuhan 430072,China;Wuhan Metro Group Co.,Ltd.,Hubei Wuhan 430030,China;Engineering Research Center of Urban Disasters Prevention and Fire Rescue Technology of Hubei Province,Hubei Wuhan 430072,China)

机构地区：[1]中南建筑设计院股份有限公司,湖北武汉430071 [2]武汉大学土木建筑工程学院,湖北武汉430072 [3]武汉地铁集团有限公司,湖北武汉430030 [4]湖北省城市综合防灾与消防救援工程技术研究中心,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《消防科学与技术》2020年第3期293-296,共4页Fire Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51508426,51576144);武汉地铁集团有限公司科研项目(GS-JZ-229);湖北省自然科学基金项目(2015CFB511)。

摘　　要：以某典型地铁站台为研究对象,采用FDS数值模拟方法,分析喷淋系统和排烟系统耦合作用下地铁站台的火灾烟气流动,探讨了喷淋和排烟口高度对站台排烟控制的影响。结果表明:喷淋开启后会诱发喷淋区域内的火灾烟气沉降,能见度低于10 m,对火源附近的人员疏散不利;而喷淋对火灾烟气的冷却卷吸作用有助于减弱烟气沿站台纵向蔓延动量,有利于喷淋区域外的人员疏散;排烟口高度越高排烟效果越好,但对喷淋区域内能见度的改善效果不显著。Focusing on a typical subway platform,the fire smoke behavior under combined effects of a water sprinkler system and a smoke exhaust system has been simulated by means of FDS.The impact of the height of smoke vent on the smoke exhaust has also been discussed.The results showed that the sprinkler system can induce the smoke moving downward inside the sprinkler zone and the visibility was reduced to less than 10 m,which dangers the evacuators around the fire location;on the other hand,the cooling and entrainment effect of water sprinkler is able to reduce the smoke momentum spreading along the platform which benefits the evacuators outside the sprinkler zone;the smoke exhaust efficiency is higher with the vent height,but its impact is limited to the sprinkler zone visibility.

关 键 词：地铁火灾 自动喷水灭火系统 烟气运动 FDS 

分 类 号：X924.4[环境科学与工程—安全科学] U231.4[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]