青藏高原地区物候数据集、地表覆盖种类图和青海湖环湖地区草地生物量数据集  

Phenological metrics dataset,land cover types map for the Tibetan Plateau and grassland biomass dataset for Qinghai Lake Basin

作　　者：张丽 王翠珍 杨昊翔 张炳华 郑艺 Zhang Li;Wang Cuizhen;Yang Haoxiang;Zhang Binghua;Zheng Yi

机构地区：[1]中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所,数字地球重点实验室,北京100094 [2]美国南卡罗来纳大学地理系,哥伦比亚S.C.29208

出　　处：《中国科学数据（中英文网络版）》2017年第2期79-94,共16页China Scientific Data

基　　金：国家自然科学基金“基于多源遥感协同的草原生物量动态预测模型研究”(41271372);中国科学院国际合作局对外合作重点项目(131C11KYSB20160061)对本数据集提供的资助;中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所数字地球重点实验室开放研究基金(2013LDE002);中国科学院国际合作局对外合作重点项目(131C11KYSB20160061);国家自然科学基金国际合作交流项目(41120114001);国家自然科学基金(41271372);国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划,2009CB723906).

摘　　要：青藏高原高山植被类型丰富、覆盖范围大,因此成为了研究高山植被空间分布和物候变化的热点区域。以MODIS地表反射率产品为主要数据源,辅以Landsat数据、气象数据、野外实测数据等补充数据,得到了高原植被物候数据集、地表覆盖种类图与青海湖环湖地区草地生物量数据集。主要研究方法和成果如下:①基于由MODIS地表反射率产品计算得到的NDVI时间序列,结合非对称高斯函数,利用阈值法提取物候参数,得到2000~2010年高原植被物候数据集,较从AVHRR GIMMS提取的物候参数具有更丰富的时空信息。②基于从样本数据中提取的植被物候和生物物理参数,利用支持向量机方法对MODIS影像实现青藏高原地区地表覆盖分类,得到2010年青藏高原地表覆盖种类图,分类精度为93%,较已出版的全国植被地图精度更高,且高山草甸与高山草原两种地类的分界线也更清晰和平滑。③基于MODIS和Landsat TM影像,利用STARFM数据融合算法及支持向量机非参数草地生物量估算模型,生成2000~2015年青海湖环湖地区草地生物量数据集,估算精度为82%。3组数据集可作为青藏高原地区植被研究的基础数据集,为相关科研工作提供参考依据。With abundant types and large coverage of alpine vegetation,the Tibetan Plateau has been a hot region for researches on the spatial distribution and phenological changes of alpine vegetation.Using the MODIS Surface Reflectance Product as the main data source,supplemented by Landsat images,meteorological data and field measurements,we obtained a phenological metrics dataset of alpine grasslands,a land cover types map for Tibetan Plateau and an alpine aboveground grassland biomass dataset for Qinghai Lake Basin.Major research methods and outcomes of this study include:①Based on NDVI time series derived from the MODIS Surface Reflectance Product,threshold method was used together with a symmetric Gaussian function to extract phenological metrics.The phenological metrics dataset of alpine grasslands(2000–2010)generated therefrom showed more spatial and temporal details than phenological products derived from AVHRR GIMMS.②With phenological and biophysical metrics extracted from sample data,we applied the support vector machine(SVM)on MODIS images to get the classification of land cover types over the Tibetan Plateau,thereby creating a land cover types map for Tibetan Plateau(2010).Results showed that the map had a classification accuracy of 93%,higher than the published national vegetation altas.Besides,the newly-created land cover types map had a clearer and smoother transition from alpine meadow to alpine steppe.③Based on MODIS and Landsat TM images,the alpine aboveground grassland biomass dataset(2000–2015)for Qinghai Lake Basin was obtained by using STARFM data fusion algorithm and non-parameterized SVM biomass estimation model.The dataset had an estimated precision of 82%.The three datasets can serve as fundamental data for studies on vegetation over Tibetan Plateau,providing references for related scientific researches.

关 键 词：青藏高原 植被 物候 地表覆盖种类 草地生物量 

分 类 号：G250.74[文化科学—图书馆学] Q948[生物学—植物学]