山东省沂蒙山区白内障流行病学调查  

Epidemiology of cataract in Yimeng Moutain area during 2018~2019

作　　者：王平[1] 赵延军 薛文娟 祝剑锋 闫艺 房祥杰 刘建峰 刘丽[1] 付海涛 施彩虹 Wang Ping;Zhao Yanjun;Xue Wenjuan;Zhu Jianfeng;Yan Yi;Fang Xiangjie;Liu Jianfeng;Liu Li;Fu Haitao;Shi Caihong(Department of Ophthalmology,Linyi People's Hospital,11th Clinical Medical College of Qingdao University,Linyi,Shangdong 276003,China;Department of Ophthalmology,the Ninth People's Hospital,Shanghai Jiaotong Univertsity School of Medicine,Shanghai 200011,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛大学第十一临床医学院临沂市人民医院,山东临沂276003 [2]上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院眼科,200011

出　　处：《临床眼科杂志》2020年第2期143-146,共4页Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology

摘　　要：目的调查山东省沂蒙山区农村50岁及以上人群白内障患病率及现状特点,分析其相关危险因素,探讨如何进一步加强白内障的防治工作,为防盲、治盲工作的决策和方案提供参考性依据。方法在2018年1月到2019年6月期间采用整体随机分层抽样方法,在临沂市所辖的莒南县、郯城县、平邑县、沂水县、费县调查999例,其中≥50岁人群838例。所有调查对象均采用统一问卷调查、临床检查及规范的眼科检查。采用WHO视力诊断标准和我国常用的白内障诊断标准对所得资料进行统计学分析。结果本次调查应查999例,实查838例,应答率为83.9%。白内障患者数为578例,患病率为68.97%,其中男性患者数为185例,女性患者数为393例,女性患病率(68.11%)与男性患病率(70.88%)之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。不同年龄段患病率不同,70岁及以上人群患病率(90.33%)与70岁以下人群(57.25%)相比,差异具有统计学意义(χ2=139.048,P<0.05)。χ2检验结果显示白内障患病率与年龄、高血压、吸烟史、糖尿病、户外劳动时间有关(P<0.05),且经Logistic回归分析具有高度相关性。结论作为我国主要致盲眼病的白内障,在沂蒙山区的患病情况同样与年龄、户外劳动时间、高血压、糖尿病等因素高度相关,地方公共卫生部门应加强相关方面干预,以减少白内障发生风险。Objective To assess the prevalence and distribution of cataract among adults aged 50 and older in Linyi city,Shangdong Province,indentify its relevant risk factors,find strategies of the prevention and treatment of cataract,provide policy makers with information about prevention and treatment of blindness.Methods From January 2018 to June 2019,we investigated 999 people in five districts:Junan,Tancheng,Pingyi,Yishui and Feixian respectively,using global random stratified sampling method,involved 838 people aged above 50.All participates were investigated with the unified questionnaire survey,clinical investigation and standard ophthal examination,according to WHO visual acuity diagnostic standards and Chinese current criteria of cataract epidemiology.Results The sample responsed rate is 83.9%.There were 578 patients with cataract,including 185 males and 393 females.There was no significant difference between the incidence rate of cataract in males and females(70.88%vs.68.11%).There was significant difference in the incidence of people aged 70 years above(90.33%)and under 70 years(57.25%).Chi-square test shows the age,smoking,diabetes,outdoor time,high blood pressure were the risk factors for the senile cataract(P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed a high correlation.Conclusion Cataract,the leading cause of blindness in Chinese,is highly correlated to the age,smoking,outdoor time,high blood pressure,and diabetes in yimeng mountain area.The relevant intervention should be done by local public health departments to reduce the risk factors and incidence of cataract.

关 键 词：白内障 流行病学调查 患病率 山区 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]