田间盆栽条件下复合盐对洛阳烟区烤烟生长发育及光合特性的影响  

Effects of salt mixture on growth and photosynthetic characteristics of flue-cured tobacco in Luoyang tobacco growing areas under pot cultivation

作　　者：张振 马静 卢剑 叶协锋 荆永锋 徐亮 李雪利 高峻[5] ZHANG Zhen;MA Jing;LU Jian;YE Xiefeng;JING Yongfeng;XU Liang;LI Xueli;GAO Jun(National Tobacco Cultivation&Physiology&Biochemistry Research Center,Key Laboratory for Tobacco Cultivation of Tobacco Industry,College of Tobacco Science,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002,China;Xichang Branch of Sichuan Provincial Tobacco Company,Xichang 615000,Sichuan,China;China Tobacco Hunan Industrial Co.,Ltd.,Changsha 410000,China;Staff Development Institute of CNTC,Zhengzhou 450008,China;Liangshan Branch of Sichuan Provincial Tobacco Company,Xichang 615000,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学烟草学院国家烟草栽培生理生化研究基地烟草行业烟草栽培重点实验室,郑州市450002 [2]四川省凉山州烟草公司西昌市公司,四川西昌市615000 [3]湖南中烟工业有限责任公司,长沙市410000 [4]中国烟草总公司职工进修学院,郑州市450008 [5]四川省凉山州烟草公司,四川西昌市615000

出　　处：《烟草科技》2020年第3期10-17,共8页Tobacco Science & Technology

基　　金：烟草行业烟草栽培重点实验室项目“植烟土壤肥力培育及提高肥料利用率技术研究”(No.30800665);河南省烟草公司洛阳市公司项目“洛阳烟区抗旱栽培成套技术研究”(No.LYKJ201501)。

摘　　要：为揭示复合盐对烤烟干物质积累和光合特性的影响规律,明确盐胁迫对烤烟生长发育的影响,以中烟100为材料采用田间盆栽试验,以洛阳主要烟区平均盐浓度为基准,进行了7种盐离子(Ca^2+、Mg^2+、K^+、Na^+、HCO3^-、SO42^-和Cl^-)复合处理(0.0132,0.0683,0.1234,0.1785和0.2336 mol·kg^-1)对烤烟农艺性状、干物质积累、光合特性、脯氨酸(Pro)及丙二醛(MDA)含量的影响试验。结果表明,复合盐处理对烤烟叶片数量影响不大。随着盐浓度的增加,烤烟农艺性状指标(除株高、有效叶数)、干物质积累量、光合指标(除胞间CO2浓度)和Pro含量呈现出先升高后降低的趋势,且均在0.0683 mol·kg^-1复合盐浓度条件下达最大值;烤烟MDA含量则随着盐浓度的增加持续增加。0.1234 mol·kg^-1~0.2336 mol·kg^-1复合盐浓度处理可使烟株光合系统受损,干物质积累量减少,0.0683 mol·kg^-1复合盐浓度处理可提高烟叶的光合作用性能,促进烤烟生长。In order to study the effects of salt mixtures on dry matter accumulation and photosynthetic characteristics of flue-cured tobacco and also the influences of salt stress on leaf growth and development,a pot experiment on cv.Zhongyan 100 was carried out.On the basis of average salt concentrations in the soils from the main tobacco areas in Luoyang,the effects of combined treatments of seven salt ions(Ca^2+,Mg^2+,K^+,Na^+,HCO^-3,SO42^-and Cl^-)at the concentrations of 0.0132,0.0683,0.1234,0.1785 and 0.2336 mol·kg^-1 on the agronomic traits,dry matter accumulation,photosynthetic characteristics,proline and malondialdehyde contents of flue-cured tobacco were investigated.The results showed that the salt mixture treatments slightly affected the number of leaves.With the increase in salt concentrations,the agronomic traits(except for plant height and effective leaf number),dry matter accumulation,photosynthetic index(except for intercellular CO2 concentration)and proline content increased first and then decreased,peaking at the concentration of 0.0683 mol·kg^-1.The content of malondialdehyde increased continuously.Therefore,the salt mixture treatment at the concentration from 0.1234 mol·kg^-1 to 0.2336 mol·kg^-1 damaged the photosynthetic system and reduced the dry matter accumulation of tobacco plants,while the treatment at the concentration of 0.0683 mol·kg^-1 promoted the photosynthesis of tobacco leaves and the growth of flue-cured tobacco.

关 键 词：烤烟 复合盐 农艺性状 光合特性 干物质积累 

分 类 号：S572.01[农业科学—烟草工业]