植物组蛋白赖氨酸甲基化建立过程及其遗传性研究进展  

Advances in the Establishment and Inheritance of Plant Histone Lysine Methylation

作　　者：周伟 王宇[1] 解莉楠[1] ZHOU Wei;WANG Yu;XIE Li-nan(Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration,Ministry of Education,College of Life Science,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学生命科学学院东北盐碱植被恢复与重建教育部重点实验室,哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《生物技术通报》2020年第4期117-130,共14页Biotechnology Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(31871220);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2572017DA06)。

摘　　要：表观遗传学主要包括DNA甲基化、组蛋白修饰和非编码RNA,组蛋白甲基化作为组蛋白修饰中的一种重要修饰,在植物体的发育和环境适应中发挥着重要作用。组蛋白甲基化主要发生在赖氨酸残基上,同时根据不同的赖氨酸位点和每个赖氨酸位点甲基化程度的不同,形成了不同的赖氨酸甲基化修饰。根据对基因的不同功能,通常将组蛋白赖氨酸甲基化修饰分为2大类:(1)能够促进基因表达的,如H3K4me3和H3K36me3;(2)能够抑制基因表达的,如H3K9me2和H3K27me3。不同的组蛋白赖氨酸甲基化去甲基化过程需要相应的阅读(reader)、书写(writer)和擦除(eraser)3种蛋白。同时,组蛋白赖氨酸甲基化的遗传性质目前还不是很清楚。综述了植物中组蛋白赖氨酸甲基化建立与去除过程,以及对组蛋白赖氨酸甲基化可遗传性的探讨。Epigenetic modification often refers to DNA methylation,histone modifications,and non-coding RNA.Histone methylation,as an important modification of histone modification,plays an important role in plant growth and environmental adaptation.Lysine residues are the main target of histone methylation,where many types of lysine methylation are formed dependent on the different lysine residues position of histone tails and the numbers of methyl group added to ε-nitrogen atom.According to the different functions involved in regulation of genes expression,histone lysine methylation is usually divided into two categories:(1)promoting gene expression,such as H3K4me3 and H3K36me3;(2)inhibiting inactive gene expression,such as H3K9me2 and H3K27me3.Different histone lysine methylation requires the corresponding reader,writer,and eraser proteins in the establishment and demethylation.However,the inheritance of histone lysine methylation is not yet clear.Here,we review the establishment and demethylation of histone lysine methylation in plants as well as its heritability.

关 键 词：植物组蛋白修饰 赖氨酸甲基化 赖氨酸甲基化的建立与去除 可遗传性 

分 类 号：Q943[生物学—植物学]