超疏水复合海绵材料的制备及在油水分离的应用  

Preparation of Superhydrophobic Composites Sponge and Its Application in Oil-water Separation

作　　者：张颖[1,2] 张骞 张瑞阳[2] 刘帅卓 范雷倚 周莹 ZHANG Ying;ZHANG Qian;ZHANG Ruiyang;LIU Shuaizhuo;Fan Leiyi;ZHOU Ying(State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation,Southwest Petroleum University,Chengdu 610500,China;The Center of New Energy Materials and Technology,School of Materials Science and Engineering,Southwest Petroleum University,Chengdu 610500,China)

机构地区：[1]西南石油大学油气藏地质及开发工程国家重点实验室,成都610500 [2]西南石油大学材料科学与工程学院,新能源材料及技术研究中心,成都610500

出　　处：《无机材料学报》2020年第4期475-481,共7页Journal of Inorganic Materials

基　　金：四川省国际科技合作与交流研发项目(2017HH0030);四川省青年科技创新研究团队专项计划(2016TD0011);四川省学术和技术带头人培养基金;国家自然科学基金石油化工联合基金(U1862111)。

摘　　要：含油污水的治理已经成为世界性的难题,如何有效分离油水混合物成为亟待解决的问题。本研究通过绿色环保、简单浸蘸的表面修饰法,以三聚氰胺海绵(MS)作为基底材料,选择氧化石墨烯溶液(GO)与聚四氟乙烯浓缩分散液(PTFE)的混合液对MS改性,成功制备出性能优异的超疏水材料(GPMS)。采用X射线衍射仪(XRD),热重分析仪(TG)、傅立叶变换红外光谱仪(FT-IR)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对制备的GPMS进行结构、形貌和组分分析,并对其表面浸润性、压缩循环性、选择吸附性能以及连续油水乳浊液分离性能进行了系统研究。结果表明,制备的GPMS具有超疏水性(疏水角可达168°);机械性能优越,可以完成50次压缩循环实验;能够选择性地吸附水上浮油与水下重油,还可对油水乳浊液实现高效分离,是一种具有实际应用价值的含油污水治理材料。The treatment of oily wastewater has become a worldwide problem. How to effectively separate the oil-water mixture has become an urgent problem to be solved. Here, the environmental friendly and simple dipping surface modification method was used to modify the melamine sponge(MS) by using a mixture of graphene oxide(GO) and polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE), and superhydrophobic material(GPMS) was successfully prepared. Structure, morphology and composition of the obtained GPMS were analyzed by X-ray diffraction(XRD), thermogravimetric(TG), Fourier transform infrared spectroscope(FT-IR), and scanning electron microscope(SEM). Its surface wettability, compression cycle, selective adsorption performance, and continuous oil-water emulsion separation performance were systematically studied. The results show that the GPMS is superhydrophobic with hydrophobic angle up to 168°. It can undertake 50 compression cycles, selectively adsorb both floating oil and underwater heavy oil, and efficiently separate oil-water emulsion. Therefore, the GPMS is a kind of potentially applicative oil pollution control material.

关 键 词：三聚氰胺海绵 超疏水 油水乳浊液分离 含油污水 

分 类 号：O647[理学—物理化学]