乙烯参与ALA-ABA/黑暗调控的苹果叶片气孔运动  

Ethylene is Involved in the Regulation of Stomatal Movement by ALA-ABA/dark in Apple Leaves

作　　者：胡淑 安玉艳[1] 汪良驹[1] HU Shu;AN Yuyan;WANG Liangju(College of Horticulture,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学园艺学院,南京210095

出　　处：《园艺学报》2020年第3期409-420,共12页Acta Horticulturae Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31772253,31401820);江苏省高校优势学科项目。

摘　　要：以‘富士’苹果组培苗离体叶片下表皮为材料,运用不同试剂结合气相色谱、激光共聚焦扫描显微镜、光学显微镜和qRT-PCR等技术,从气孔开度、乙烯释放、保卫细胞H2O2及黄酮醇水平和基因表达等方面,研究了乙烯在5–氨基乙酰丙酸(ALA)抑制脱落酸(ABA)或黑暗诱导的气孔关闭过程中的作用。结果表明,ALA促进苹果叶片乙烯释放,而乙烯生物合成抑制剂氨氧乙基乙烯基甘氨酸(AVG)及乙烯受体抑制剂1–甲基环丙烯(1-MCP)削弱ALA对ABA或黑暗诱导气孔关闭的抑制效应。ALA上调乙烯生物合成及信号转导相关基因的表达。AVG削弱ALA抑制ABA或黑暗诱导的H2O2上升效应,也削弱ALA对保卫细胞黄酮醇积累的促进效应。据此认为,外源ALA通过上调基因表达,促进叶片保卫细胞中乙烯生物合成和信号转导,诱导黄酮醇积累,清除ABA或黑暗诱导增加的H2O2,抑制气孔关闭,从而为光合作用所需的气体交换打开通道。In order to investigate the possible regulatory roles of the gaseous hormone ethylene in the inhibitory effect of ALA on ABA-or dark-induced stomatal closure,the stomatal aperture,ethylene production,H2O2 and flavonol levels in guard cells and gene expressions in the abaxial epidermis of detached apple(Malus×domestica Borkh.‘Fuji’)leaves were studied using pharmacology,gas chromatography,laser confocal scanning microscope,optical microscope and q RT-PCR techniques.The results showed that the ALA treatment promoted ethylene release,while both aminoethoxyvinylglycine(AVG),an ethylene biosynthetic inhibitor,and 1-methylcyclopropene(1-MCP),an ethylene receptor inhibitor,repressed the inhibitory effect of ALA on ABA or dark-induced stomatal closure.Exogenous ALA up-regulated expression of the genes related to ethylene biosynthesis and its signal transduction.AVG weakened the inhibition of ALA on ABA-and dark-induced H2O2 accumulation,as well as ALA-induced flavonol accumulation in guard cells.It can be concluded that ALA up-regulates gene expressions to induce ethylene biosynthesis and signal transduction,which positively regulate the flavonol accumulation to reduce the H2O2 content and promote the stomatal opening,benefiting CO2 entrance during photosynthesis.

关 键 词：苹果 ALA ABA 黑暗 乙烯 H2O2 黄酮醇 气孔运动 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]