基于微米空心波导的单粒子高效探测  

High-Efficiency Detection of Single Emitter Based on Micro-Hollow Waveguides

作　　者：张鹏飞[1,2] 李刚[1,2] 张天才[1,2] Zhang Pengfei;Li Gang;Zhang Tiancai(State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices,Institute of Opto-Electronics,Shanxi University,Taiyuan,Shanxi 030006,China;Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics,Shanxi University,Taiyuan,Shanxi 030006,China)

机构地区：[1]山西大学光电研究所量子光学与光量子器件国家重点实验室,山西太原030006 [2]山西大学极端光学省部共建协同创新中心,山西太原030006

出　　处：《光学学报》2020年第3期177-182,共6页Acta Optica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(11974225,11574187,11634008,11674203,11974223);山西省“1331工程”重点学科建设计划。

摘　　要：提出一种用于高效率收集单粒子荧光的锥形空心波导探针。在理论上采用数值模拟得到了锥形空心波导探针对单粒子荧光的收集效率。通过优化探针几何尺寸可得,单粒子为径向偏振时探针对单粒子荧光的收集效率最高为25.3%,普遍高于利用高数值孔径透镜的传统方法。综合发光粒子不同方向的偏振后可知,探针的平均收集效率可达21.7%,最优工作距离为0.75μm。此外,探针对单个粒子荧光的收集效率和工作距离对于粒子发射光的波长不敏感,故此探针可以用于对具有不同波长的各类粒子和宽谱发光粒子的高效率探测。此探针直径为微米量级,易于与其他微纳结构结合。此探针可用于单原子、单分子、量子点、金刚石色心等粒子的高效率探测,并有望进一步用于化学、生物微小发光体等的探测。This paper proposes a scheme for high-efficiency collection of a single emitter using a tapered hollow waveguide probe. The collection efficiency of the single-emitter fluorescence by the tapered hollow waveguide probe is numerically simulated. When the single emitter is radially polarized and the probe is designed with the optimized geometrical dimensions, the maximum collection efficiency reaches 25.3%, which is generally higher than that of the traditional method using a lens with large numerical aperture. The average collection efficiency of the probe can reaches 21.7% for the single emitter with polarization in different directions, and the optimized working distance is 0.75 μm. Furthermore, the collection efficiency and working distance of the probe for the single-emitter fluorescence are not sensitive to the wavelength of the light emitted by the single emitter, so the probe can be used for high-efficiency detection of all kinds of particles with different wavelengths and luminous particles with very broad optical spectra. The probe has a micron-sized diameter and is easily combined with other micro/nano structures. Therefore, the probe can efficiently detect many types of emitters, such as a single atom, single molecule, quantum dots, diamond color center, and other particles. The probe is also expected to detect chemical and biological micro-luminescent bodies.

关 键 词：量子光学 单粒子探测 空心波导 光与原子相互作用 

分 类 号：O431.2[机械工程—光学工程]