高血压患者饮食习惯、传统制剂服用现状调查及其影响因素分析  

Survey on Dietary Habits and Status of Traditional Preparations in Patients with Hypertensive and Its Influencing Factors

作　　者：解晓江[1] 李长青[1] 李菲[2] 于敏[1] 刘逸柔 XIE Xiao-jiang;LI Chang-qing;LI Fei;YU Min;LIU Yi-rou(Department of Internal Medicine Cardiovascular,Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia,010050,China;Department of Pathology,Hohhot First Hospital,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia,010020,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古医科大学附属医院心血管内科,内蒙古呼和浩特010050 [2]呼和浩特市第一医院病理科,内蒙古呼和浩特010020

出　　处：《现代生物医学进展》2020年第3期582-587,573,共7页Progress in Modern Biomedicine

基　　金：内蒙古自治区高等学校科学研究项目(NJZZ097)。

摘　　要：目的:调查高血压患者饮食习惯以及传统制剂服用现状,并分析饮食习惯与高血压患病的关系以及传统制剂服用的影响因素。方法:按照简单随机抽样法,采用自制调查问卷对呼和浩特市3个镇共8个行政村成年常住农村村民进行问卷调查,调查内容包括人口学特征、饮食习惯等内容,并采用多因素logistic回归分析饮食习惯与高血压患病的关系以及高血压患者传统制剂服用的影响因素。结果:呼和浩特市高血压患病率为22.68%。多因素logistic回归结果显示,较高的BMI、高血压家族史、饮酒史、泡菜咸菜、油炸食品、红肉(猪/牛/羊肉)/动物内脏、海产品是高血压独立危险因素(OR=1.257、1.451、1.358、1.317、1.108、1.146、1.373,P<0.05),奶制品、豆制品、新鲜果蔬是高血压保护因素(OR=0.797、0.868、0.903,P<0.05)。高血压患者传统制剂服用率为16.90%。多因素logistic回归结果显示,年龄≥60岁、文化程度高中以下、不了解高血压知识是高血压患者传统制剂服用的危险因素(OR=1.342、1.545、1.142,P<0.05)。结论:呼和浩特市农村成年村民高血压患病率较高,不良饮食习惯(饮食偏咸、油腻等)是高血压独立危险因素,高龄、文化程度低、不了解高血压知识的高血压患者传统制剂服用率较高,应加强农村居民合理膳食、保持均衡饮食习惯的宣传教育以及农村高血压患者用药规范。Objective:To survey the dietary habits in patients with hypertension and the status of taking traditional preparations,and to analyze the relationship between dietary habits and hypertension and the influencing factors of taking traditional preparations.Methods:According to the method of simple random sampling method,a self-made questionnaire was used to investigate the adult permanent residents of 8 administrative villages in 3 counties of Hohhot.The contents from questionnaires including demographic characteristics,dietary habits.Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between dietary habits and hypertension and the influencing factors of traditional preparations taken by hypertensive patients.Results:The prevalence of hypertension in Hohhot was22.68%.Multivariate logistic regression showed that higher BMI,family history of hypertension,drinking history,pickles/salted vegetables,fried foods,red meat such as pigs/cattle/mutton and animal viscera,and seafood were independent risk factors for hypertension(OR=1.257,1.451,1.358,1.317,1.108,1.146,1.373;P<0.05).Dairy products,soybean products,fresh fruit/vegetables were protective factors for hypertension(OR=0.797,0.868,0.903;P<0.05).The rate of taking traditional preparations among hypertension patients was16.90%.Multivariate logistic regression showed that age greater than or equal to 60 years old,education with below high school,un know hypertension knowledge were independent risk factors for taking traditional preparations(OR=1.342,1.545,1.142;P<0.05).Conclusions:The prevalence of hypertension in rural adult villagers is higher in Hohhot.Unhealthy dietary habits(salty diet,greasy diet,etc.)are independent risk factors for hypertension.The hypertension with older age,low educational level,un know hypertension knowledge have high rate of taking traditional preparations.It should strengthen the propaganda and education of reasonable diet and balanced diet habits in rural residents,and the norms of medication for hypertension patients in

关 键 词：高血压 饮食习惯 传统制剂 调查 影响因素 

分 类 号：R544.1[医药卫生—心血管疾病]