基于CPU/GPU异构系统架构的高超声速湍流直接数值模拟研究  

Direct Numerical Simulation of Hypersonic Turbulence Based on CPU/GPU Heterogeneous System Architecture

作　　者：党冠麟 刘世伟 胡晓东[2] 张鉴[2] 李新亮[1,4] Dang Guanlin;Liu Shiwei;Hu Xiaodong;Zhang Jian;Li Xinliang(Institute of Mechanics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;Computer Network Information Center,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院力学研究所,北京100190 [2]中国科学院计算机网络信息中心,北京100190 [3]中国科学院数学与系统科学研究院,北京100190 [4]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《数据与计算发展前沿》2020年第1期105-116,共12页Frontiers of Data & Computing

基　　金：中国科学院战略先导科技专项(XDC01040100);国家重点研发项目(2016YFA0405300)。

摘　　要：【目的】高超声速湍流直接数值模拟(DNS)对空间及时间分辨率要求高,计算量非常大。过大的计算量及过长的计算时间是导致DNS难以在工程中被大范围应用的重要原因。为加快计算速度,作者设计并开发了一套CPU/GPU异构系统架构(HSA)下的高性能计算流体力学程序OpenCFD-SCU。【方法】该程序以作者前期开发的高精度有限差分求解器OpenCFD-SC为基础,经GPU系统的移植及优化而得。GPU程序的计算部分使用CUDA编程,确保所有算术运算都在GPU上完成。【结果】利用GPU程序OpenCFD-SCU,进行了来流Mach数6,6°攻角钝锥边界层转捩的直接数值模拟,得到了转捩过程中的时空演化流场。针对这一算例,GPU程序OpenCFD-SCU与CPU程序OpenCFD-SC相比,实现了60倍的加速效果(单GPU卡对单CPU核心),大大加速了DNS计算过程。【结论】未来,相信会有更多高超声速湍流模拟选择在GPU上开展。[Objective]The direct numerical simulation(DNS)of hypersonic turbulence requires great many grids points and time steps.Therefore,the amount of calculation is very large.Excessively long time of calculation is an important reason that DNS cannot be applied in real applications.In order to accelerate the calculation,design of a high-performance computational fluid mechanics program OpenCFDSCU under the CPU/GPU Heterogeneous System Architecture(HSA)is introduced in this paper.[Method]This program is based on the CPU[fortran]code OpenCFD-SC which is a high-precision finite difference solver developed by the authors.OpenCFD-SCU has the same program framework as OpenCFD-SC,and the computing part of the GPU program is programmed by CUDA to ensure that all arithmetic operations are completed on the GPU.[Results]In a same DNS task,the GPU version of OpenCFD-SCU is 60 times faster than the CPU version of OpenCFD-SC.The computing power of GPU is much higher than that of CPU.Using GPU can effectively accelerate the calculation,which is the future trend of DNS programs for hypersonic turbulence.[Conclusion]In the future,we believe that more and more hypersonic turbulence simulation can be moved to the GPU.

关 键 词：高超声速湍流 直接数值模拟 GPU 

分 类 号：TP332[自动化与计算机技术—计算机系统结构] O357.5[自动化与计算机技术—计算机科学与技术]