磁超精细相互作用引起的原子能级分裂及能级图  

Splittings of atomic energy levels caused by the magnetic hyperfine interaction and diagram drawing of the splitted energy levels

作　　者：孙振东[1,2] 田玉峰 SUN Zhen-dong;TIAN Yu-feng(School of Physics,Shandong University,Jinan,Shandong 250100,China;School of Physics and Electrical Engineering,Kashi University,Kashgar,Xinjiang 844006,China)

机构地区：[1]山东大学物理学院,山东济南250100 [2]喀什大学物理与电气工程学院,新疆喀什844006

出　　处：《大学物理》2020年第5期4-9,共6页College Physics

基　　金：自治区“天山学者”科研启动费;国家自然科学基金(91536105,11174186,11374187,11774199)资助。

摘　　要：超精细相互作用是"原子物理学"课程中的重要内容之一.目前在国内外的教材中,著者只给出了有无外磁场时原子核磁偶极超精细相互作用引起的原子能级分裂的表达式和列举了一些原子能级分裂的研究实例.本文详细导出和讨论了无外磁场和有强弱磁场时磁超精细相互作用引起的原子能级分裂的公式,并举例说明如何判断和在能级图上标注这些能级的高低顺序.该文将有助于师生学习理解和真正掌握本部分的课程内容.Hyperfine interaction is one of the important contents in the course of "Atomic Physics". So far in domestic and foreign textbooks of atomic physics, authors just write down the expressions of splittings of atomic energy levels caused by the magnetic hyperfine interaction without and with an external magnetic field, and show some related research examples. Here, for the cases of without and with a weak or a strong external magnetic field, the derivation processes of these formulas and discussions about diagram drawing of these splitted energy levels are described in details. The contents in this paper will be helpful for teachers and students in understanding and truly mastering the related parts of knowledge in the course of "Atomic Physics".

关 键 词：超精细相互作用 核磁偶极矩 磁场中原子能级的分裂 原子能级图 原子物理学 

分 类 号：O5-6[理学—物理]