美国独立电影的工业美学:类型实践、“制片人中心制”与作者性表达  

Industry Aesthetics of Hollywood Independent Movies:Genre Practice,"Producer Centered System"and Authorship Expression

作　　者：张立娜[1] Zhang Lina

机构地区：[1]北京大学艺术学院,北京100871

出　　处：《未来传播》2020年第1期58-66,117,118,共11页Future Communication

摘　　要：20世纪90年代以来,美国独立电影走向成熟和繁荣,在与好莱坞主流电影博弈的历史进程中逐步呈现出一种后工业时代电影工业美学的特征,与好莱坞主流制片体制的关系不再对立,而是合作、互融、互惠、共生。具体表现是:创作拥抱工业、融入主流,清楚定位电影类型,着重于创作既能获得商业认可又能展现作者意识的独立电影;在类型创作、融合、升级中不断探索,服膺"制片人中心制",致力于平衡电影商业性与艺术性、类型性与作者性。与此同时,美国独立电影在艺术特色、工业品质以及产业运作层面给中国中小成本电影的发展提供了经验。Since the 1990 s,American independent films have become mature and prosperous.In the historical process of gaming with Hollywood mainstream films,American independent films have gradually presented a feature of film industry aesthetics in the post-industrial era.The relationship between American independent films and Hollywood mainstream production system is no longer antagonistic,but cooperative,mutual,reciprocal and symbiotic.The specific performance is:to create an independent film that embraces industry,integrates into the mainstream,clearly defines the type of film,focuses on creating an independent film that can obtain commercial recognition and show the consciousness of the author;to explore continuously in the type creation,integration and upgrading,to be convinced of the"producer centered system",and to strive to balance the commerciality and artistry,typologyand authorship of the film.At the same time,American independent films provide experience for the development of small and medium-sized cost films in China in terms of artistic characteristics,industrial quality and industrial operation.

关 键 词：电影工业美学 美国独立电影 “制片人中心制” 类型性 作者性 

分 类 号：J901[艺术—电影电视艺术]