以头均仔猪需母猪饲养日为指标评定一胎母猪的繁殖性能  

Evaluation of Reproductive Performance of First Parity Sow by Index of the Number of Feeding Days of Sow Needed per Piglet

作　　者：徐桢 卫恒习 吕敏勇 张惠文 李赞 俞理辉 李莉 孟立 张守全 XU Zhen;WEI Hengxi;LV Minyong;ZHANG Huiwen;LI Zan;YV Lihui;LI Li;MENG Li;ZHANG Shouquan(National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry,Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agroanimal Genomics and Molecular Breeding,College of Animal Science,South China Agricultural University,Guangdong Guangzhou 510642,China;Dongrui Food Group Co.,Ltd.,Guangdong Heyuan 517583,China)

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学动物科学学院,国家生猪种业工程技术研究中心,广东省农业动物基因组学与分子育种重点实验室,广东广州510642 [2]东瑞食品集团股份有限公司,广东河源517583

出　　处：《中国畜牧杂志》2020年第4期74-79,共6页Chinese Journal of Animal Science

基　　金：国家重点研究计划(2017YFD0501902);国家自然科学基金(31572397);广东省现代农业产业技术体系生猪创新团队项目(2016LM1102)。

摘　　要：实验旨在以头均仔猪需母猪饲养日为指标来评定品种、进群和配种季节对一胎母猪繁殖性能的影响。选择1 534头后备母猪,分别按照品种(长白、大白、长×大二元杂)、进群和配种季节(春、夏、秋、冬)分组,并进行头均仔猪需母猪饲养日、头均首配日龄、头均分娩日龄、一胎母猪窝均产仔数和配种利用率等方面的统计分析。结果表明:一胎大白母猪的头均合格仔数需参繁母猪饲养日(48.26)高于长白(42.09)(P<0.05),一胎大白母猪的头均总仔数需分娩母猪饲养日(37.21)高于长白(34.41)(P<0.05)和长×大二元杂(33.32)(P<0.01),一胎大白母猪的头均合格仔数需分娩母猪饲养日(43.45)高于长白(38.62)和长×大二元杂(38.21)(P<0.01);春季进群的长×大二元杂母猪头均首配日龄(265.08)高于夏季(252.54)和秋季(256.22)(P<0.01),冬季进群的长×大二元杂母猪头均首配日龄(262.20)高于夏季(P<0.01)和秋季(P<0.05),春季和冬季进群的长×大二元杂母猪的头均分娩日龄(382.73、382.45)高于夏季(372.93)(P<0.01)和秋季(375.80)(P<0.05);夏季和冬季配种的长×大二元杂母猪一胎分娩母猪窝均合格仔数(10.26、10.19)高于秋季(9.54)(P<0.01)和春季(9.62)(P<0.05)。综合分析显示,一胎大白母猪的繁殖性能较差,春冬季节进群和春秋季节配种的长×大二元杂母猪一胎繁殖性能较差。The aim of the experiment was to evaluate the effects of variety, the seasons of entering into swinery and breeding on the reproductive performance of first parity sows by using the index of the number of feeding days of sow needed per piglet. In this experiment, 1 534 gilts were selected and grouped according to different varieties(Landrace, Yorkshire, Landrace×Yorkshire hybrid), the seasons(spring, summer, autumn, winter) of entering into swinery and breeding, and the statistical analysis were performed about the number of feeding days of sow needed per piglet, the average first mating time, the average farrowing time, litter size of first parity sow, the breeding utilization rate and other aspects. The results showed that the number of feeding days of participating sow needed per qualified piglet(48.26) of first parity Yorkshire sows was higher than that of Landrace(42.09)(P<0.05), and the number of feeding days of farrowing sow needed per total piglet(37.21) of first parity Yorkshire sows was higher than those of Landrace(34.41)(P<0.05) and Landrace×Yorkshire hybrid(33.32)(P<0.01), and the number of feeding days of farrowing sow needed per qualified piglet(43.45) of first parity Yorkshire sows was higher than those of Landrace(38.62) and Landrace×Yorkshire hybrid(38.21)(P<0.01);The average first mating time(265.08) of Landrace×Yorkshire hybrid gilts of entering into swinery in spring was higher than those in summer(252.54) and autumn(256.22)(P<0.01), and the average first mating time(262.20) of Landrace×Yorkshire hybrid gilts of entering into swinery in winter was higher than those in summer(P<0.01) and autumn(P<0.05), and the average farrowing time(382.73, 382.45)of Landrace×Yorkshire hybrid gilts of entering into swinery in spring and winter were higher than those in summer(372.93)(P<0.01) and autumn(375.80)(P<0.05);The number of qualified piglets born per litter of first-farrow sow(10.26, 10.19) of Landrace×Yorkshire hybrid gilts of breeding in summer and winter were higher than those in autumn(9.54

关 键 词：一胎母猪 头均仔猪需母猪饲养日 品种 进群和配种季节 繁殖性能 

分 类 号：S828.3[农业科学—畜牧学]