农村自杀及自杀未遂与社会支持和生命质量的关系  

Relations of suicides and suicide attempts to social support and quality of life in rural China

作　　者：刘悦[1,2,3] 童永胜 殷怡[1,2,3] 李铃铃 伍梦洁 LIU Yue;TONG Yongsheng;YIN Yi;LI Lingling;WU Mengjie(Peking University Huilongguan Clinical Medical School,Beijing 100096,China;Beijing Suicide Research and Prevention Cen¬ter,Beijing Huilongguan Hospital,Beijing 100096,China;WHO Collaborating Center for Research and Training in Suicide Prevention,Beijing 100096,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学回龙观临床医学院,北京100096 [2]北京回龙观医院(北京心理危机研究与干预中心),北京100096 [3]WHO心理危机预防研究与培训合作中心,北京100096

出　　处：《中国心理卫生杂志》2020年第5期408-415,共8页Chinese Mental Health Journal

基　　金：北京市卫生系统高层次卫生技术人才培养计划(2015-3-111);北京市留学人员科技活动择优资助项目。

摘　　要：目的:探讨社会支持和生命质量与农村地区自杀和自杀未遂的关系。方法:纳入国内4县的自杀死亡者151例、自杀未遂者118例及其中3县经分层随机抽样选取的健在居民140例。独立访谈知情人及健在案例本人,收集案例的人口学资料和精神科诊断,并使用社会支持量表和自编生命质量量表进行评估。结果:自杀组和未遂组符合精神障碍诊断的比例高于对照组(χ^2=133.66,P<0.001)。社会支持量表和生命质量量表的知情人评分在对照组中最高,自杀组低于未遂组(均P<0.001)。Logistic回归分析提示,在控制人口学变量后,精神障碍、生命质量、社会支持总分和支持利用度与自杀(OR=36.55、0.34、0.36、0.18,均P<0.05)或自杀未遂(OR=13.07、0.38、0.27、0.34,均P<0.05)相关。结论:增加社会支持的利用度及提高生命质量可能是预防农村自杀和自杀未遂的重要措施。Objective:To explore the relations of suicide and suicide attempt to social support,three dimen­sions of social support,and quality of life in rural China.Methods:Totally 151 suicide decedents and 118 suicide attempters from 4 rural counties in China and 140 living community residents from 3 of the 4 counties obtained by multistage stratified rannomized sampling were included in separate groups[suicide death(SD)group,suicide at­tempt(SA)group and normal control(NC)group].Investigation teams conducted the independent interviews with the case(SA and NC group)and two proxy informants(one family member and one associate)respective­ly.Besides collecting demographic data and psychiatric diagnosis,the Social Support Rating Scale(SSRS)and self-compiled Quality of Life Scale(QLS)were used to evaluate the social supports and life quality of the recruited ca­ses.Results:The proportion of patients met for diagnostic criteria of mental disorders was higher in the SD and SA groups than in the NC group(x^2=133.66,P<0.001).Based on the proxy-informants reported data,scores of SSRS and QLS were lower in the SD group than in the SA group,and the scores in NC group were the highest(Ps<0.001).Results of logistic regression analyses indicated that mental disorders,quality of life,total social support score and utilization subscale score of the SSRS were associated with suicide(OR=36.55,0.34,0.36,0.18,Ps<0.05)and suicide attempt(OR=13.07,0.38,0.27,0.34,Ps<0.05),after adjusted for demographic variables.Conclusion:Enhancing the utilization of social support and improving the quality of life may be the valu­able strategies for suicide prevvntion in rural China.

关 键 词：自杀 自杀未遂 社会支持 生命质量 病例对照 

分 类 号：C913.9[经济管理]