耐热钢表面激光熔覆陶瓷工艺  被引量:5

Technology of Laser Cladding Ceramics on Heat Resistant Steel Surface

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作  者:刘立君[1,2] 王晓陆 沈秀强 宋袁曾 LIU Li-jun;WANG Xiao-lu;SHEN Xiu-qiang;SONG Yuan-zeng(School of Material Science and Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150080,China;Ningbo Institute of Technology, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China;Shanghai Aircraft Manufacturing Co. Ltd, Shanghai 201324, China)

机构地区:[1]哈尔滨理工大学材料科学与工程学院,哈尔滨150080 [2]浙江大学宁波理工学院,浙江宁波315100 [3]上海飞机制造有限公司,上海201324

出  处:《哈尔滨理工大学学报》2020年第1期127-133,共7页Journal of Harbin University of Science and Technology

基  金:国家自然科学基金(51275468);商用飞机制造工程技术研究中心创新基金项目(COMAC-SFGS-2017-36736);哈尔滨市科技创新人才创新基金(2017RAXXJ012);宁波市“科技创新2025”重大专项(2018B10047,2019B10053)。

摘  要:耐热钢H13可用于制作飞机耐热400~500℃工作温度的结构零件,而在飞机有些特殊工作环境下要求其零件表面同时具有耐磨性,因此针对耐热钢在特殊服役环境中磨损失效问题,利用小功率Nd:YAG激光器在H13钢表面熔覆SiC陶瓷颗粒,通过金相显微镜、扫描电镜及能谱分析仪研究不同工艺参数条件下熔覆层显的宏观形貌和微观组织结构。结果表明:熔覆试样横截面出现明显的分层现象(熔覆层、熔合区、热影响区、基体),熔覆层组织致密、无方向性,无明显的气孔裂纹;熔合区组织晶粒较为细小,以树枝晶和等轴晶为主;粗大的柱状晶组织沿H13钢基体熔合线向熔合区生长。SiC陶瓷颗粒熔覆层、熔合区到基体SiK含量存在明显的梯度,表明熔覆层与基体形成了良好的冶金结合,分析了耐热钢表面激光熔覆陶瓷的耐磨性。此外,由于SiC陶瓷颗粒硬而脆的特性以及与基体材料之间热膨胀系数的差异,当扫描速度提高至40 mm/min、60 mm/min时熔覆层出现了贯穿性裂纹。上述研究成果为提高飞机耐热零件表面耐磨性提供一定理论支持。Heat resistance steel type of H13 is used for the aircraft structure parts whose working temperature is 400~500℃.Moreover,it is required to wear resistance for the parts in some special service environments.In order to solve the problem of wear failure in hot work dies during service,a low power laser type of Nd:YAG was used to cladding SiC ceramics on the surface of H13 steel.The macroscopic feature,microstructures and compositions were observed by the metalloscope,scanning electron microscope and energy depressive spectroscopy.Experimental results indicated that that the cross sections of the cladding sample were markedly divisional(Clad Zone,Fusion zone,Heat-affected zone,Substrate Zone).The microstructure of cladding layer is non-directional and compact,without obvious crack and porosity and with good performance.The homogeneous microstructure of bonding layer is dendrite and equiaxed grain with small size,and the massive columnar crystal grew from the bond line of H13 steel substrate to fusion zone.The wear resistance of laser cladding ceramics on heat resistance steel surface is analyzed.Besides,a through crack appeared after the scanning speed up to 40 mm/min、60 mm/min on the cladding layer as the hard and brittle characteristic of SiC ceramics and the difference of thermal expansion coefficient between SiC ceramics and substrate;The above research results provide some theoretical support for improving the surface wear resistance of aircraft heat-resistant parts.

关 键 词:飞机耐热零件 激光熔覆陶瓷 耐磨性 

分 类 号:TG456.7[金属学及工艺—焊接]

 

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