罗马公法与历史视域中的王权法(Lex Regia)——王权法与人民主权传统再思考  

A Study on Lex Regia from the Perspective of Roman Law and History--Reconsidering Lex Regia and the Tradition of Popular Sovereignty

作　　者：张新刚[1] ZHANG Xingang(Department of History,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学历史学系,北京100871

出　　处：《同济大学学报（社会科学版）》2020年第2期68-77,共10页Journal of Tongji University:Social Science Edition

摘　　要：人民主权学说是现代国家构建政治秩序和合法性最重要的理论学说,而仔细考察人民主权学说的政治逻辑以及博丹的主权论述,我们会发现罗马法在人民主权学说的发展谱系中曾发挥至关重要的作用。文章通过考察罗马法史中关于王权法的论述,以及罗马历史中元首和君主权力来源的证成,特别选取奥古斯都、维斯帕芗授权法和乌尔比安关于元首治权的讨论为研究对象,梳理王权法与人民主权传统的思想关联。文章认为,罗马政治传统和法律传统经由中世纪注释法学派的传承与努力,为现代人民主权观念与学说提供了最为重要的理论根源。Popular sovereignty,the theory that the public powers of the state originate in a concessive grant of power from the people,is the principle of authority and legitimacy of modern political order.While tracing the tradition of popular sovereignty and Jean Bodin’s theory of sovereignty,we can find the Roman law plays a key role in the development of the doctrine of popular sovereignty.This article focuses on three legal texts and historical events related to Lex Regia of early Roman Empire,namely,the imperium of Augustus,the lex de imperio Vespasiani and the legal text of Domitius Ulpianus,and argues that the tradition of Roman political thought and Roman law provided the supreme theoretical basis for the concept and doctrine of modern popular sovereignty through the inheritance and efforts of glossators in the Middle Ages.

关 键 词：罗马法 人民主权 王权法 

分 类 号：D0[政治法律—政治学]