哈尔滨市2016-2017年流行性腮腺炎流行病学特征分析  

Analysis of the Epidemic characteristics of Mumps in Harbin from 2016 to 2017

作　　者：刘木子[1] 姜立坤[1] 闫明宇[1] 范晨璐[1] 李梦奇 高晓丽[1] LIU Mu-zi;JIANG Li-kun;YAN Ming-yu(Harbin Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Harbin,150000,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨市疾病预防控制中心,哈尔滨150000

出　　处：《黑龙江医学》2020年第3期393-394,共2页Heilongjiang Medical Journal

摘　　要：目的分析2016-2017年哈尔滨市流行性腮腺炎的流行特征,为哈尔滨市制定更有效的防控流行性腮腺炎政策提供数据支持。方法采用流行病学的描述性研究方法对哈尔滨市2016-2017年流行性腮腺炎病例数据进行分析。结果2016-2017年哈尔滨市共累计报告流行性腮腺炎病例715例,年平均报告发病率为3.37/10万,2017年报告发病率较2016年高。哈尔滨市各区、县(市)报告发病率也存在一定差异,为0~9.22/10万。流行性腮腺炎发病高峰在春季和冬季;男性多于女性,男女比为1.40∶1,且性别发病率差异有统计学意义(χ2=17.20,P<0.05);流行性腮腺炎好发于1~15岁的儿童,尤其以5~9岁儿童占比最高(41.26%);职业构成最主要的是学生(占总病例数的49.65%),其次是幼托儿童(占23.50%)和散居儿童(占13.43%)。结论哈尔滨市流行性腮腺炎的发病率水平较低,流行病学特征较为典型,若在4周岁进行1剂次的加强免疫,可更好地控制发病情况,有效降低发病率。Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics of mumps in Harbin from 2016 to 2017, and provide data support for making more effective prevention and control policies of mumps in Harbin. Methods Descriptive epidemiological study was used to analyze the data of mumps cases in Harbin from 2016 to 2017. Results From 2016 to 2017, 715 cases of mumps were reported in Harbin, with an average annual incidence of 3.37/100000. The reported incidence in 2017 was higher than that in2016. There are also some differences in the reported incidence among districts and counties in Harbin, ranging from 0-9.22/100000. The peak incidence of mumps was in spring and winter;the cases of male was more than that of female, with an average of 1.40:1, and there was a statistically significant difference in the incidence of gender(χ2=17.20, P<0.05);mumps occurred in children aged 1~15, especially children aged 5~9(41.26%);students accounted for 49.65% of the total cases, followed by children in kindergarten(23.50%) and scattered children(13.43%). Conclusion The incidence of mumps in Harbin is low and the epidemiological characteristics are typical. If one dose of immunization is given at the age of 4 years, the incidence of mumps can be better controlled and the incidence of mumps can be effectively reduced.

关 键 词：哈尔滨市 流行性腮腺炎 流行病学特征 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学] R512.1[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]