国家教育考试评分救济手段之纠偏——基于62份裁判文书的分析  

The correction of relief means of national education examination scoring:based on the analysis of 62 judicial documents

作　　者：周钟敏 ZHOU Zhongmin(School of Law, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China)

机构地区：[1]东南大学法学院,江苏南京211189

出　　处：《高校教育管理》2020年第3期49-59,共11页Journal of Higher Education Management

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目(19CFX023);东南大学教育部教育立法基地暨江苏高校“青蓝工程”资助项目。

摘　　要：在国家教育考试中,考生申请考试信息公开的目的不是满足信息公开请求权,而是基于对考试评分行为的异议通过复核查卷改变考试评分结果,从而维护其受教育权。但是,通过对62份裁判文书的分析可知,现阶段以信息公开请求权为基础的救济途径并不足以实现考生的诉求,2019年修订后的《中华人民共和国政府信息公开条例》第14条更进一步增强了不予公开的合法性。为此,文章在对卷宗阅览权进行界定的前提下,将信息公开请求权与卷宗阅览权进行比较,从而分析卷宗阅览权在考试评分救济制度中的权利保障优势。在此基础上,文章重新设计以卷宗阅览权为请求权基础的考试评分救济路径,通过认定考试评分行为的可诉性以及确定司法审查的强度和标准,更好地保障考生的受教育权。In the national education examination,the purpose of the examinees to apply for exam information disclosure is not to satisfy the right of claim for information disclosure,but based on the objection to the exam scoring behavior,to change the exam scoring results by reviewing the examination papers so as to maintain their right to education.However,the analysis of 62 judicial documents shows that the existing relief approaches based on information disclosure cannot be sufficient to fulfill this demand,and Article 14 from Regulation of the PRC on the Disclosure of Government Information,which was revised in 2019,further enhances the legality of non-disclosure.Hence,based on the definition of the right of reading dossiers and the compare between it with the right of claim for information disclosure,the paper further analyzes the advantages of the right of reading dossiers in the examination scoring remedy system.Finally,the paper redesigns the approach of examination scoring remedy based on the right of reading dossiers,which is to better protect the examinee′s right to education through the determination of the actionability of the examination scoring behavior and the determination of the intensity and standard of judicial review.

关 键 词：国家教育考试 考试评分行为 权利救济 信息公开请求权 卷宗阅览权 受教育权 

分 类 号：D92[政治法律—法学]