中、韩滨海城市化区域水体全氟化合物的空间特征及生态风险  

Spatial Characteristics and Ecological Risks of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Coastal Urbanized Areas of China and South Korea

作　　者：杨洪法 史斌 周云桥 杨璐 孟晶[2] 陈礼强 王铁宇[2] YANG Hong-fa;SHI Bin;ZHOU Yun-qiao;YANG Lu;MENG Jing;CHEN Li-qiang;WANG Tie-yu(School of Ecology and Environmental Science,Yunnan University,Kunming 650091,China;State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology,Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Institute of International Rivers and Eco-security,Yunnan University,Kunming 650091,China)

机构地区：[1]云南大学生态学与环境学院,昆明650091 [2]中国科学院生态环境研究中心城市与区域生态国家重点实验室,北京100085 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [4]云南大学国际河流与生态安全研究院,昆明650091

出　　处：《环境科学》2020年第4期1607-1618,共12页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41877509,41807493,4181101011)。

摘　　要：本研究以全氟化合物(perfluoroalkyl substances,PFASs)为研究对象,选择人类活动强度大的中、韩滨海城市化地区为研究区域,采集了126份水体及125份沉积物样品,通过固相萃取和高效液相色谱-串联质谱(HPLC/MS-MS)的方法,分析了水体及沉积物中的15种PFASs.结果表明,PFASs在水体和沉积物中全部检出,水体中PFASs总质量浓度范围为6.75~20982 ng·L^-1,沉积物中PFASs含量(以干重计)范围为0.229~53.8 ng·g^-1.区域对比发现,中国滨海城市化地区水体和沉积物中PFASs含量相对较高以长链PFOA为主,而韩国水体中则以短链PFBA和PFPeA为主,沉积物中以PFOS、PFBA和PFOA为主.PFASs在水体和沉积物中的分配系数与沉积物中有机碳的含量、PFASs碳链长度有密切关联,15种化合物中有9种化合物的分配系数与有机碳含量存在显著相关性(r>0.21,P<0.05),随着碳链长度的增加分配系数也平稳增加.生态风险分析结果表明,中、韩滨海城市化地区水体和沉积物中PFASs含量整体较低,尚处于较低风险水平,但存在严重局部污染问题,应当重视其对人体造成的潜在健康风险.This study concentrated on the 15 perfluoroalkyl substances(PFASs)in the coastal areas of China and South Korea,an urbanized area with intensive human activities.In total,126 water samples and 125 sediment samples were collected and determined by HPLC-MS/MS.Fifteen PFASs were detected at least once in all the sites.The total concentrations of PFASs in water and sediment samples ranged from 6.75 ng·L^-1 to 20982 ng·L^-1 and from 0.229 ng·g^-1 to 53.8 ng·g^-1(dw),respectively.The concentrations of PFASs in waters and sediments were relatively high in China,and PFOA was the predominant PFAS.In contrast,short chain compounds such as PFBA and PFPeA played a major role in water,and PFOS,PFBA,and PFOA dominated the sediment samples in South Korea.The partition coefficients of PFASs were closely related to the fraction of organic carbon in the sediment and the carbon chain length of PFASs.Among the 15 compounds,the partition coefficients of 9 were significantly correlated with the fraction of organic carbon(r>0.21,P<0.05),and the partition coefficient steadily increased with the increase of the carbon chain length.The results of ecological risk assessment suggested that the coastal urbanized areas of China and South Korea are still at a low risk.However,some specific areas also showed PFAS pollution.More attention should be paid to the potential health risks.

关 键 词：滨海带 城市化区域 全氟化合物(PFASs) 空间特征 风险评估 

分 类 号：X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程]