农村劳动力非农化的三重内涵及其政治经济学阐释  

The Three Connotations of Rural Labor Migration and Its Political Economy Interpretation

作　　者：高帆[1] Gao Fan(School of Economics,Fudan University,Shanghai 200433)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学经济学院,上海200433

出　　处：《经济纵横》2020年第4期10-19,共10页Economic Review Journal

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“全面建成小康社会背景下新型城乡关系研究”(编号:17ZDA066);上海市“曙光计划”项目“从双重管制到双重放权:中国城乡经济关系演变的政治经济学”(编号:16SG06)的成果.

摘　　要：农村劳动力非农化是发展中国家实现城乡二元结构转化的主要机制。农村劳动力非农化从产业、空间、身份视角进行分析可发现其具有非农业化、非农村化、非农民化三重内涵。区别于发展经济学经典理论的推演逻辑,1978年改革开放以来,我国农村劳动力非农化是经济发展进程的重要特征事实,但非农业化、非农村化、非农民化并不是齐头并进的过程,而是存在着依次递减、多种落差的结构特征,我国的城乡二元结构转化具有契合自身国情的独特性质。这种结构特征导源于我国实施的渐进式经济体制改革,所以应从政治经济学视角阐释我国农村劳动力非农化的演变进程。依据这种理解,逻辑一致地提出后续改进我国农村劳动力非农化的相应理论和政策含义:重视非农化笼统表述背后的结构特征,从政治经济学视角来阐释非农化问题;从全面深化改革视角改进非农化进程;注重提高农民收入的同时,重点关注改善农业劳动生产率。The migration of rural labor is the main mechanism for the transformation of the urban-rural dual structure in developing countries.The analysis of rural labor migration from the perspective of industry,space and identity can reveal its three connotations,which are non-agriculturization,non-ruralization and non-peasantization.Different from the classic theory of development economics,since the reform and opening up,China’s rural labor migration is an important feature of the economic development process,but there are structural characteristics of successive decline and multiple gaps between non-agriculturization,non-ruralization and non-peasantization.This structural feature results from China’s gradual economic system reform,so the evolution of China’s rural labor migration should be explained from the perspective of political economy.Based on this,this paper proposes relevant theories and policy recommendations:attach importance to the structural characteristics of migration and analyze it from the perspective of political economy;improve the process of migration from the perspective of comprehensive deepening of reform;focus on increasing farmers’income and improving agricultural labor productivity.

关 键 词：农村劳动力非农化 非农业化 非农村化 非农民化 经济体制改革 

分 类 号：F121[经济管理—世界经济]